不锈钢油管泄漏剖析.docVIP

不锈钢油管泄漏剖析 　　摘要：某电厂汽轮机不锈钢油管在使用过程中，油管泄漏，进而引发着火，直接威胁到电厂的安全生产。经过宏观检查、表面着色探伤检验、材料化学成分分析、腐蚀处剖面金相分析以及腐蚀坑能谱分析，得出不锈钢油管中裂纹是在含氯离子介质环境下形成的应力腐蚀裂纹。因此管外部具有潮湿和含氯的环境是导致裂纹产生的重要原因。所分析裂纹是由钢管的外表面向内扩展的，裂纹形状为树枝状，且为穿晶走向，该形态是发生应力腐蚀开裂的裂纹典型特征。不锈钢油管在使用过程中，内外温差比较大，油管受热不均匀而存在着温度差异，各处膨胀变形或收缩变形不一致，相互约束而产生内应力。因此，该裂纹属应力条件下的应力腐蚀开裂。此外，不锈钢油管的防护工作也非常重要，尤其是防止不锈钢被雨水淋湿。 　　关键词：不锈钢；油管；能谱分析；应力腐蚀裂纹 　　Abstract: Turbine stainless steel tubing during use, tubing leak, causing the fire, a direct threat to the safe production of the power plant. Through macroscopic examination, coloring surface inspection, material chemical composition analysis, metallography analysis and corrosion at the profile of corrosion pit energy spectrum analysis, obtains the stainless steel tubing crack is in chloride medium formed under the environment of stress corrosion crack. Therefore, the exterior of the tube has a humid and chlorine environment is the important cause resulting in crack. The analysis of crack is made from steel tube on the outer surface of the inner expansion, crack shape of dendrimers, and transgranular trend, this is a form of stress corrosion cracking of crack characteristic. Stainless steel tubing for use in the process, large temperature difference between inside and outside, the tubing is not uniformly heated and there is a temperature difference expansion or contraction, all inconsistent deformation, mutual restraint stress. Therefore, the crack is a stress under conditions of stress corrosion cracking. In addition, stainless steel pipe protection work is also very important, especially to prevent stainless steel wet with rain. 　　Key words: stainless steel; tubing; spectrum analysis; stress corrosion cracking 　　 　　中图分类号：TU文献标识码： A文章编号：2095-2104（2012）01-0020-02 　　绪论 　　汽轮机是火力发电厂的三大设备之一，属于涉及生命安全、危险性较大的设备，是国民经济和人民生活的重要基础设施。我国是一个以常规能源火力发电为主的国家，到去年为止，火力发电仍占全部发电量的75％。而电厂汽轮机不锈钢油管泄漏问题是汽轮机安全运行的“杀手”，会引起汽轮机组的被迫停运，造成突发性、局域性停电，危害电网，造成重大的经济损失。 　　本课题针对泄漏的不锈钢油管进行分析，找出可能产生泄漏的原因，防止事故的再次发生,保障发电厂设备的长期安全运行，减少汽轮机停机事故对国民经济发