当前我国出租车行业管理问题-研究.pdf

万方数据 目 录 引 言 ···································································1 一、我国出租车行业管理演变历程····································8 （一）1990 年代前的行业短缺时期 ···································8 （二）1990 年—1995 年行业管制宽松时期··························9 （三）1995 年—2000 年行业管制收紧时期························10 （四）2000 年至今的行业管制强化时期 ···························11 二、我国出租车行业政府管制的基本方式 ·························13 （一）政府对出租车准入管制·······································13 1、主体的限定 ··························································13 2 、总量控制·····························································14 3 、车型的限定 ··························································15 （二）政府对出租车运营管制·······································16 1、租价管制·····························································16 2 、车辆强制报废规定··················································16 3 、禁止异地经营管制··················································17 三、我国出租车行业政府管制存在的主要问题与原因···········18 （一）我国出租车行业政府管制存在的主要问题弊端···········18 1、准入歧视降低行业生产效率，违背社会公正 ··················18 2 、总量控制压制消费需求，造成“黑车”效应 ·····················19 3 、车型限定加重了司乘的负担，导致腐败横生··················21 1 万方数据 4 、价格管制弊端重重，资源配置低效 ·····························22 （二）我国出租车行业政府管制失败的原因······················23 1、准入歧视是一种法定垄断形成权力寻租，导致权钱交易····24 2 、政府指定车型是职能“越位”的典型表现························25 3 、价格管制理由不充分···············································25 4 、行政主管部门对企业和出租车市场管理不力··················27 四、西方有关国家出租车管理模式与借鉴 ·························28 （一）英国出租车管理模式与借鉴··································28 （二）美国出租车管理模式与借鉴··································29 （三）瑞典出租车管理模式与借鉴··································30 （四）香港出租车管理模式与借鉴··································31 五、我国出租车行业政府管制改革的基本途径 ···················33