解剖学骨骼英文Skeletal.ppt

* * * * * * * DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A MAN’S AND A WOMAN’S SKELETON Size—male skeleton generally larger Shape of pelvis—male pelvis deep and narrow; female pelvis broad and shallow Size of pelvic inlet—female pelvic inlet generally wider, normally large enough for baby’s head to pass through it Pubic angle—angle between pubic bones of female generally wider JOINT (ARTICULATIONS) Every bone except the hyoid (which anchors the tongue) connects to at least one other bone Kinds of joints Synarthroses (no movement)—fibrous connective tissue grows between articulating bones; example: sutures of skull Amphiarthroses (slight movement)—cartilage connects articulating bones; example: symphysis pubis Diarthroses (free movement)—most joints belong to this class Synarthroses Amphiarthroses JOINT (ARTICULATIONS) (cont.) Diarthroses (free movement)—most joints belong to this class Structure Structures of freely movable joints— joint capsule and ligaments hold adjoining bones together but permit movement at joint Articular cartilage—covers joint ends of bones and absorbs joints Synovial membrane—lines joint capsule and secretes lubricating fluid Joint cavity—space between joint ends of bones Bursa—fluid-filled pouch that absorbs shock; inflammation of bursa is called bursitis Functions of freely moveable joints—ball-and-socket, hinge, pivot, saddle, gliding, and condyloid—allow different kinds of movements determined by the structure of each joint Diarthroses Types of Joint Movement * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Slide * Mosby items and derived items ? 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.