初析名词性从句.docVIP

初析名词性从句 　　名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立从句。 　　名词性从句可以由that ，whether/if ，特殊疑问词引导；还有以what 和wh-ever等连接代词引导的名词性关系从句。 　　1 主语从句 　　一个从句在整个句子中做主语，那这个从句就叫主语从句。 　　1.1 如果从句成分完整，不缺什么成分就由that 引导，that 只起连接作用，没有实际意义。 　　（1）It is adj.( obvious/ true/ certain/ likely……) +that 从句. 　　It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 　　It is likely that he told her everything. 　　(2) It is + 名词词组( no wonder / an honour / a pity/no surprise)+that从句. 　　It is no surprise that our team has won the game. 　　(3) It is + 过去分词(said / reported /thought / expected / decided / announced / arranged……) + that 从句 　　It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 　　It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 　　注意:口语和非正式文体中, that 常可省略, 尤其是非常短的句子中, that 总是不必要的, 但that 从句位于句首时, 连词that 绝对不能省. 　　It’s a pity ( that ) you’re leaving. 　　That we are invited to a concert this evening is good news to us. 　　1.2 用whether /if (是否) 引导的主语从句. 　　当主语从句放于句首时, 主语从句只能用whether , 不用if引导; 　　当it 做形式主语时, 主语从句用whether / if 引导均可. 　　 ( 是否) the meeting will be given is still a problem. 　　=It is still a problem________( 是否) the meeting will be given. 　　1.3 用特殊疑问词引导主语从句时, 主语从句缺什么意思用什么引导词, 如when，where，why ，what ，how，which，who。语序要用正常语序,即特殊疑问词+主语+谓语+其他。也可用it 作形式主语。 　　It makes no difference________(什么地方) we shall have the meeting. 　　It has not been decided yet________( 谁) will attend the meeting. 　　2 宾语从句 　　用于及物动词后和介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。 　　2.1 that 引导的宾语从句 　　（1）that 引导的宾语从句用在及物动词后，其中that只起连接作用，不充当成分，可以省略。 　　Do you know （that ）he has joined the army？ 　　I’m sure （that）he will pass the exam。 　　（2）但是及物动词后若有两个that 引导的宾语从句，则第一个that 可省，第二个that 不能省。 　　He makes me understand ( that ) we need friends and that we should give him a hand. 　　(3) 在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think, find, make, consider 等，可以用it 作形式宾语, that不能省略。 　　He has made it clear that he will not give in. 　　We think it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. 　　(4) that 从句一般不能充当介词宾语, 偶尔可作except , in 的宾语，that不能省略。 　　He is a good student except tha