名词性从句教学剖析.docVIP

名词性从句教学剖析 　　名词性从句是新编高中英语课本中的一个重点语法项目,包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句。引导名词性从句有从属连词that, whether, if(不担任句子成分);连接代词who/whom, whose, which, what(既起连接作用,又作从句的状语)。由连接代词或连接副词引导的名词性从句,从句部分要用陈述语序。主语从句作为一个整体,主句的谓语动词要用单数形式。 　　 　　一、主语从句(Subject Clause) 　　 　　从句作复合句的主语。这种复合句的谓语较多为系表结构。If不引导主语从句。 　　e. g. What he said is hard to understand. 　　Who will be our monitor has not been decided. 　　When and where they will hold a meeting is unknown. 　　Whether well go there depends on the weather. 　　主语从句一般放在句首,但由that引导的主语从句,为了避免头重脚轻,可用it作形式主语,将真正的主语从句置于句末,构成如下几种句型: 　　(1)It is+adj.+that-clause: 　　e. g. It s necessary than middle school students should grasp at least one foreign language. 　　以上表语为necessary, important, strange等时,主语从句常用虚拟语气should+原形动词。其他形容词可用陈述语气。 　　e. g. It is true that he is a Communist Party member. 　　(2)It is+n.+that-clause: 　　e. g. It is a pity that you missed a good chance. 　　(3)It is+p.p.+that-clause已构成固定句型: 　　It is said that...据说 　　It is reported that...据报道 　　It is believed that...人们相信(认为) 　　It is thought that...人们认为 　　It is well known that...众所周知 　　It is hoped that...有人建议 　　It has been decided that...已经决定 　　e. g. It is said that their team won in the football match last week. 　　(4)It+vi.+that-clause: 　　It seems/seemed that...似乎…… 　　It happens/happened that...碰巧…… 　　e.g.①It seemed that he had already known the secret. 　　②It happened that I was out last night. 　　需要值得一提的是:引导主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句的that不可省略。 　　 　　二、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 　　 　　一般放在连系动词的后边。连词if不引导表语从句。 　　e. g. That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. 　　当主语为suggestion, order等词时,表语从句用虚拟语气should+原形动词。 　　e. g. My suggestion is that we (should) add fertilizer to this soil.我的建议是我们应该给这块地加施化肥。 　　 　　三、宾语从句(Object Clause) 　　 　　宾语从句可分为四大类型,现表述如下: 　　1、作及物动词的宾语: 　　e. g. I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.我唯一感到遗憾的是我只能为祖国献出一次生命。 　　学习宾语从句要十分注意如下几点: 　　(1)时态一致(Agreement)一般遵循三条原则: 　　A.主句现在时,从句可选用各种时态。 　　B.主句过去时,从句一般用过去的时态:包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。 　　C.从