特低渗透油藏生产井初始含水率高的微观机理-中国科技论文在线.PDFVIP

特低渗透油藏生产井初始含水率高的微观机理 谷建伟 （中国石油大学（华东）石油工程学院，山东东营257061） 摘要：特低渗透油藏的生产井初始含水率要比中高渗透率油藏的生产井初始含水率 高的多，而且生产井开井生产后含水率有一段时间的下降。通过分析流体流动的微观机 理，认为引起含水率差异性的原因有：由于钻井和压裂过程造成的水锁现象使地层原油 难以流动；贾敏效应的存在阻塞了油流的通道；地层微裂缝的开启与闭合导致初始含水 率较高；启动压力梯度的存在增加了初始含水率；岩石物性特征决定了油藏的初始含水 饱和度高，进而使初始含水率比较高。在此基础上采用樊 31 北块的物性参数计算了各 种因素对生产井初始含水率的影响。 关键词：水锁效应；贾敏效应；微裂缝；特低渗透率油藏；初始含水率；启动压力 中图分类号：TE311 文献表示码：A The Micro Seepage Mechanism of the high initial water cut on ultra-low permeability reservoir Gu Jian-wei (College of Petroleum Engineering in China of Petroleum, Dongying 257061,China) Abstract: The initial water cut in Ultra-low permeability reservoir is more than in high permeability reservoir ，the dropping trend of water cut will last for days in developing period. After analyzing micro seepage mechanism, the paper draws out reasons resulting in the initial water cut discrepancy. The water lock effect because of drilling and fracturing have oil difficult to flow. Jamin effect block the flowing road of oil. The open and close of micro fracture in reservoir result in high initial water cut. The starting pressure gradient makes initial water cut high. Because of thin throat, the initial water saturation is high, which results in the high initial water cut. The influences of micro seepage mechanism are worked out by Fan 31 block’s parameter. Keywords : Water lock effect, Jamin effect, microfracture, ultra-low permeability reservoir, initial water cut, starting pressure ０ 引言 特低渗透油藏在陆上储量中占有较大比例，是今后重要的石油接替储量。由于地层 导流能力极低，给开发上带来了很大困难。前人在压裂投产、井网部署、合理井距、增 产增注等方面进行了大量研究，使该类油藏得以正常开发。在该类油藏的开发过程中发 1 转载