我院127例药品不良反应报告回顾性剖析.docVIP

我院127例药品不良反应报告回顾性剖析 　　摘要：目的 了解我院发生的药品不良反应（ADR）的特点及一般规律，减少和避免ADR重复发生，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 对我院2012～2013年度收集的127例ADR报告，分别从性别、年龄、给药途径、用药方式、涉及药物种类、ADR累及器官或系统及临床表现、ADR的处理情况等方面进行系统的回顾性分析。结果 从年龄及性别方面来看，60岁以上患者发生ADR的比例最高，男性患者的数量略多于女性患者；静脉滴注给药方式发生的ADR所占比例最高（71.65%）；单一用药ADR发生率为81.10%，高于联合用药；引起ADR的相关药物以抗生素最多，占总数的35.43%，其次为循环系统用药；从ADR累及器官或系统来看，主要累及消化系统（24.41%），临床表现多为恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹胀等；ADR发生后多数患者经停药或者对症治疗后好转。结论 ADR的发生与多种因素相关，临床上应加强对ADR的监测，减少ADR的发生，合理用药是降低ADR发生的关键。 　　关键词：药品不良反应；回顾性分析；合理用药 　　Abstract：Objective To analyze the characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reaction（ADR） reports in our hospital， to decrease and avoid the multiple ADR and provide reference for clinical drug use. Methods We analyzed 127 ADR reports in our hospital during 2012～2013 by retrospective analysis. The age and gender of patients， route of administration， manner of administration， drug categories，organs or systems involved in ADR，clinical manifestations and the managements of ADR were included in our analysis. Results The patients who had the age of over 60 occurred the highest ratio of ADR； The male patients were more than the females in 127 ADR reports； Regarding the route of administration， most of the ADR were caused by intravenous injection（71.65%）； The incidence of ADR with a single use was 81.10%； The ADR reports were most caused by anti-infective drugs（35.43%）， followed by the drugs of circulating system； the main lesion caused by ADR was digestive system lesions including nausea， emesis， stomachache， abdominal distension and et al； Most of the ADR patients get well after stopping drug use or symptomatic treatment. Conclusion The happening of ADR is related with many factors. We should pay more attention in ADR monitoring to decrease the ratio of ADR. Rational drug use is the key factor of ADR decreasing. 　　Key words：Adverse drug reaction （ADR）； Retrospective analysis； Rational use of drugs 　　世界卫生组织国际药物监测合作中心规定，药物不良反应系指正常剂量的药物用于预防、诊断、治疗疾病或调节生理机能时出现的有害的和与用药目的无关的反应。现今临床上不合理用药的现象日趋严重，随着药品种类及剂型的增多