TP28R1解析.docVIP

GroundwaterMost of the worlds potable water Groundwater Most of the worlds potable water —freshwater suitable for drinking —is accounted for by groundwater, which is stored in the pores and fractures in rocks. There is more than 50 times as much freshwater stored underground than in all the freshwater rivers and lakes of Earth. At greater depths within Earth, the pressure of the overlying rock causes pores and cracks to close, reducing the space that pore water can occupy, and almost complete closure occurs at a depth of about 10 kilometers. The greatest water storage, therefore, lies near the surface. Aquifers, Porosity, and Permeability Groundwater is stored in a variety of rock types. A groundwater reservoir from which water can be extracted is called an aquifer. We can effectively think of an aquifer as a deposit of water. Extraction of water depends on two properties of the aquifer: porosity and permeability. Between sediment grains are spaces that can be filled with water. This pore space is TPO 28-R-l Q1 In paragraph^ why does the author mention the pressure of the overlying rock? To show how water can be forced deep under Earths surface To show why groundwater is more plentiful than surface freshwater To correct a commonly made error about the location of groundwater To explain why most groundwater lies near Earths surface Paragraph 1 is marked with Q2 According to paragraph 1, groundwater differs from the water in rivers and lakes in terms of its potability usefulness abundance cost Paragraph 1 is marked with an arrow Q3 The word ■?extracted.? in the passage is closest in meaning to used poured removed kept out Paragraph 2 is marked with an arrow Q4 The word termed in the passage is closest in meaning to considered called limited to caused by Paragraph 2 is marked with an arrow Q5 According to paragraph 2, what does porosity determine? The rate at which the aquifers water overcomes resistance to flow The amount of water that the aquifer can hold The lik