基于γ能谱的某铀尾矿库和水冶厂周边水体放射性分布特征及风险评价.DOCVIP

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2018.11.015基于γ doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2018.11.015 罗旭佳1,2，魏强林1,2，刘义保1,2，杨波2，吴和喜2，洪加标2 （1.东华理工大学放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室，南昌 330013； 2.东华理工大学 核科学与工程学院，南昌 330013） 摘要：通过高纯锗γ谱仪精确测量了我国某铀尾矿库和水冶厂排放水及周边地表水中天然放射性核素238U、226Ra、232Th和40K的放射性浓度，得出其分布特征及其对周边环境的影响和给附近居民健康带来的风险。结果表明，尾矿库渗滤水和水冶厂排放水中238U、226Ra、232Th和40K含量相比其内部存储液有明显降低，尾矿库渗滤水中总铀含量为0.23 mg/L，226Ra比活度为0.68 Bq/L，均低于国标GB23727-2009规定限值；水冶厂排放水中总铀含量为1.37 mg/L，226Ra比活度为1.37 Bq/L，均高于国标规定限值。若将尾矿库中下游居民区水渠中水和水冶厂入溪后水作为饮用水，则238U、226Ra和232Th对人体所致总待积有效剂量分别为0.187 5和0.121 4 mSv/a，均已超过世界卫生组织饮用水水质准则推荐值。对比本地本底值发现，研究区域地表水已被污染。 关键词：铀尾矿库；水冶厂；伽马能谱；总待积有效剂量；健康评价 中图分类号：TL942+.1; TL75+1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2018）11-0000-00 Radioactivity Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Water Surrounding Uranium Tailing and Mill Based on Gamma Spectrum LUO Xu-jia1,2, WEI Qiang-lin1,2, LIU Yi-bao1,2, YANG Bo2, WU He-xi2, HONG Jia-biao2 (1. Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; 2. School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China) Abstract：Based on High-Purity Germanium Gamma Spectrometer, radioactive concentrations of natural radionuclides 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in discharged water and surrounding surface water of uranium tailing and mill were accurately measured to investigate pollution to external environment and risk to health of nearby residents. The results show that contents of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in percolating water of tailing and discharged water of mill are significantly lower than those in internal water, the total uranium content in percolating water of tailing is 0.23 mg/L and the specific activity of 226Ra is 0.68 Bq/L, both of which are lower than the national standard (GB23727-2009). The total uranium content of water discharged from the mill is 1.37 mg/L, and the specific activity of 226Ra is 1.37 Bq/L, both of which are higher than