微中子天文学X射线天文学.PDF

X射線天文學 微中子天文學 小柴昌俊, 東京大學 2002年諾貝爾物理獎(1/2) 「微中子天文學」 - Raymond Davis與Masatoshi Koshiba (小柴昌俊)之工作 報告人：蘇漢宗 (成大物理系 天文實驗室) Beta decay n Beta decay (1920s) A A X X e (n p e ) Z Z 1 n The puzzle (二體問題，反應能 = Q) mX K e Q me mX 應具有單一能量！ Energy spectrum for decay of 210Bi Neutrino (微中子，中微子) n Proposed by Pauli (1931) ; Named by Fermi n p e n 微中子 e 具有中性及高穿透力的特性 n Confirmed (Reines Cowan, 1956) – more than 25 years later! n e p n e 1 cm3 material contains 1024 protons n e n p e Absorption probability ~ 10-19 cm-1 Needs 10 light-year of material to capture 43 2 s absorb 1.2 10 cm one neutrino Three-flavor of neutrinos 三種微中子 n Discovery of (1962) n Discovery of (1978) n Three types/flavors of neutrinos Neutrino n n n e m t muon tau Charged Partner electron (e) ) n Bethe (1938, 1939) : a complete theory of nuclear fusion in stars n Major source of neutrinos on Earth (theory) Sun 如何得知太陽內部結構為何？