《预处理青霉菌吸附铅离子的研究》-毕业论文.docVIP

精品 学 Xxxx毕业设计（论文） 题目：预处理青霉菌吸附铅离子的研究 院（部）系 化学与化学工程学院 所 学 专 业 环境工程 年级、班级 完成人姓名 Xx 指导教师姓名 专业技术职称 Xxx 讲师 摘要 以青霉菌(Penicillium)为吸附剂，对含Pb2+重金属废水中Pb2+进行了吸附研究。实验考察了预处理方法、pH值、温度、吸附剂用量和吸附时间等因素对吸附效果的影响，并利用正交实验L9（34）确定了吸附的优化条件。 结果表明，在实验选用的预处理剂中,0.1mol/l NaHCO3预处理的菌体吸附效果最好，吸附率为89.96%；吸附的最佳pH范围是5～7，当pH为5时效果最好,吸附率达96.63%；青霉菌浓度越高吸附量越大；青霉菌吸附Pb2+的速度很快，在5min时吸附率就达78.96%，且随时间的增加吸附率增大，60min时吸附率达到最大值88.11%；温度对吸附的影响不大，在常温下即能较好吸附。正交实验结果表明，用0.1mol/l NaHCO3预处理青霉菌在Pb2+初始浓度为25.00mg/l,吸附剂用量为0.5g/l，pH为3，常温下吸附30min可得到最佳吸附效果，并确定pH值为影响吸附效果的显著因素。确定青霉菌对Pb2+的吸附过程遵循Freundlich方程。 关键词：生物吸附；青霉菌；Pb2+；预处理；优化条件；吸附等温线 Abstract Absorption of heavy metal ion Pb2+ from Pb2+-containing heavy metal waste water by penicillium as adsorbates was studied in this paper. Several influence factors on the result of biosorption were analyzed in the test including some methods of pre-treatment, pH, temperature, the does of sorbent and time of the biosorption. Otherwise, the optimal operating conditions of adsorption were determined by cross-test experiments (L9 (3)4). The results showed that the efficiency of Pb2+ absorption was obviously increased through pre-treatment by solidification (0.1mol/l NaHCO3) with an adsorption rate of 89.96%. The suitable pH scope was 4～6 and the optimum adsorption pH was 5 with the up-take of 96.63%. The more biomass of penicillium was added, the more adsorption capacity was. The rate of adsorption Pb2+of the pre-treatmenting penicillium was rapid as the rate was 78.96% at the beginning 5min and the adsorption capacity increased as the time raising that the capacity attained to 88.11% in a hour. The effect of temperature was rare and the normal temperature was enough. The cross-test experiments showed that the optimal operating conditions of Pb2+ absorption by the pre-treatmenting penicillium were: 25.00mg/l Pb2+ concentration, 0.5g/l adsorption capacity, pH=3 and the normal temperature for 30min and the pH