带奇异非线性项的二阶周期边值问题的正解-基础数学专业论文.docx

3.3 从平凡解线上产生的分歧 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.4 主要结果及证明 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 参考文献 33 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文 39 致 谢 41 i i 摘 要 本文运用 Schauder 不动点定理、Rabinowitz 全局分歧定理和拓扑度理论研究 了几类非线性二阶周期边值问题正解的存在性及其全局结构. 本文主要分为三节. 第一、二节运用 Schauder 不动点定理研究了奇异二阶周期边值问题 ? ?? uII(t) + a(t)u(t) = f (t, u(t)) + c(t), t ∈ (0, ω), ?? u(0) = u(ω), uI(0) = uI(ω) 正解的存在性, 其中 a, c ∈ L1(0, ω), f ∈ Car([0, ω] × R+, R+), 且非线性项 f 在 u = 0 处允许有奇性. 当 f 满足适当的条件时, 建立了该问题正解的存在性结果, 两节 所获得的结果推广了 P. J. Torres [J. Diff. Eqns., 2007] 的主要结果. 第三节运用 Rabinowitz 全局分歧定理和拓扑度理论, 研究了当非线性项 f 没 有奇性时二阶周期边值问题 ? ?? uII(t) + a(t)u(t) = λf (t, u(t)), t ∈ (0, ω), ?? u(0) = u(ω), uI(0) = uI(ω) 正解的全局结构, 其中 a ∈ C([0, ω], R+), f ∈ C([0, ω], R+), λ 0 为参数. 本节的 主要结果推广了 D. Jiang [Acta. Math. Sci., 1998] 和 R. Ma et al. [Boundary value prolblem, 2010] 的主要工作. 关键词: 周期边值问题; 正解; 存在性; Rabinowitz 全局分歧定理; Schauder 不 动点定理; 拓扑度理论 Abstract In this paper, by using the Schauder’s fixed point theorem, the Rabinowitz global bifurcation theorem and topological degree theory, we discuss the existence of positive solutions of several kinds of second order periodic boundary value problems. It is divided into three sections. In Section 1 and 2, by using the Schauder’s fixed point theorem, we investigate the existence of positive solutions for second-order periodic boundary value problems ? ?? uII(t) + a(t)u(t) = f (t, u(t)) + c(t), t ∈ (0, ω), ?? u(0) = u(ω), uI(0) = uI(ω) where a, c ∈ L1(0, ω), f ∈ Car([0, ω]×R+, R+) and may be singular at u = 0. Under some suitable conditions on the nonlinearity f , we show that the boundary value problem has at least one positive solutions. Our main results extend and improve the corresponding ones of P. J. Torres [J. Diff. Eqns., 2007]. In section 3, by using the Rabinowitz global bifurcation theorem and topological degree theory, we study the global structure of positive solutions of the second order periodic boundary value problems ? ?? uII(t) + a(t)u(t) = λf (t, u(t)), t ∈ (0, ω), ?? u(0)