分布式FBG传感系统及频谱相关解调技术研究-物理电子学专业论文.docx

I I 摘 要 光纤Bragg光栅及其在光纤传感器中的应用研究引起了人们普遍的关注，光纤光栅 是性能优良的传感元件，尤其是在一根光纤中可连续写入多个光栅构成光栅阵列。因 此，将光纤光栅阵列与光复用技术相结合，并埋入材料和结构内部或贴装在其表面， 从而对材料的特性(如温度、压力、应变等)实现多点监测。而如何进行有效且高精度的 信号解调，是光纤光栅传感系统实用化推广的关键技术。本文主要对分布式光纤Bragg 光栅传感网络系统的复用和解调技术进行理论和实验研究，提出应用数字滤波法和频 谱相关法提高检测精度。 首先综述光纤光栅传感技术的发展历史、国内外研究现状以及今后的发展趋势， 总结光纤光栅的分类，光纤光栅传感器的优势以及其应用领域。 从光纤光栅和光纤光栅传感器的基本理论出发，分析光纤光栅在应变和温度影响 下的传感模型以及应变－温度交叉敏感问题并介绍温度补偿方案，并且对光纤Bragg光 栅的应变传感进行了实验研究。 在分析比较光纤Bragg光栅传感网络系统的复用技术以及几种典型解调方案的基 础上，提出本论文的分布式8×10光纤Bragg光栅传感系统方案：采用波分和空分复用相 结合的方法实现8×10复用以及可调谐光纤F-P滤波解调法对波长偏移进行检测，并且使 用LabVIEW软件对该系统进行信号处理和界面设计。 针对峰值检测法的不足，提出频谱相关技术和数字滤波技术可提高光纤Bragg光栅 传感系统波长偏移检测精度。分别对峰值检测法，数字滤波法和频谱相关法检测波长 偏移进行了数值模拟，并且搭建实验，对实验数据进行具体分析计算，证实了理论分 析的正确性。通过理论和实验证明，数字滤波法和频谱相关法可以提高信号的信噪比， 从而提高波长偏移解调检测精度，并且频谱相关法可达到理想低通滤波法的效果。 关键词：光纤Bragg光栅 传感器 复用 解调 可调谐F-P滤波器 数字滤波 频谱相关 II II ABSTRACT There is universal attention to fiber gratings and its application in fiber sensors. Fiber gratings offer many outstanding advantages. And they are very suitable for forming the grating array, by means of writing them into a fiber continuously. By pasting them on or into the material, the fiber grating array can measured the properties of the material, such as temperature, strain and so on. And how to enhance the accuracy of demodulation technology is a key to make the FBG sensors promising in industry. In the dissertation, the multiplexing and wavelength demodulation technology of distributed FBG strain-sensing system are researched. We propose that Spectrum Correlation (SC) and Digital Filter (DF) techniques in fiber Bragg grating sensors can enhance the accuracy of wavelength shift detection. In this thesis, the history, domestic and abroad research status and development trend for the future of FBG sensing technology are briefly introduced. The classification of FBG, the advantages of FBG sensors and its applications are presented. After the basic theory of FBG and FBG sensors are described, strain-sensing and temperature-sensing model are analyzed. The physical mech