船舶燃油污染责任保险分析-国际法学专业论文.docxVIP

1 1 内容摘要 随着国际贸易的不断发展，航运业逐渐壮大，但随之而来的船舶油污事故也越来越 多。一方面，CLC1969/1992 规范了散装货油泄漏情况下的责任承担，各国的国内法也 相继建立和完善了相应的法律体系加以贯彻。另一方面，针对燃油污染事故的《燃油公 约》也应运而生。中国政府已于 2008 年 11 月 17 日批准加入了《燃油公约》，该公约 于 2009 年 3 月 9 日正式对中国生效，中国的燃油污染法律责任体系进入了一个规范化 的新时代。本文将针对船舶燃油污染责任保险进行研究，通过引入具体案例反映现状， 再从理论层面对燃油强制责任保险进行阐述，最后分析得出当前我国制度的不足之处， 并提出改善建议。 本文除引言外，一共分五章。 第一章，反映船舶燃油污染损害民事责任的立法现状。笔者将从国际、国内两个方 面对立法现状进行介绍，然后总结船舶燃油污染民事责任的立法特点。 第二章，介绍船舶燃油污染损害责任的海上责任保险情况。笔者将对《燃油公约》 生效前承担燃油污染损害保险责任的相关险种做介绍，然后阐述针对此公约而制定的人 保《沿海船舶燃油污染责任保险条款》的相关内容。 第三章，从理论角度分析船舶燃油污染强制责任保险。笔者在概括描述强制责任保 险的情况后，将责任保险与民事责任、强制责任保险作对比，以分析其特点。 第四章，阐述船舶燃油污染损害责任保险中的直接诉讼制度。对于这一强制责任保 险的配套制度，笔者将介绍其概念、依据、内容，并重点分析其中涉及的保险人的抗辩 权，以及与责任保险的关系。 第五章，分析中国船舶燃油污染责任保险制度的不足与提出完善建议。笔者将从立 法和实践两个角度分析此保险制度的不足之处，再就立法以及构建政府基金与责任保险 相结合的赔偿机制两点提出完善建议。 关键词：燃油污染；保险条款；强制责任保险；直接诉讼 1 1 2 2 Abstract With the continuous development of international trade, the shipping industry is growing, but the accompanying oil pollution incidents from ships have been increasing. On the one hand, CLC1969/1992 standardized liabilities of bulk cargo oil spill cases, and the respective nations also have established and perfected the corresponding legal systems in order to carry out the conventions aforementioned. On the other hand, International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage ，aiming at the pollution incident of fuel from ships oil, also came into being. The Chinese government has approved to join the Convention at November 17, 2008, which became effective at March 9, 2009, with that Chinas legal liability system of fuel oil pollution has entered into a new era of standardization. This thesis conducts research about the compulsory liability insurance of fuel oil pollution from ships by introducing the specific cases that reflect the current situations, expounding the compulsory liability insurance of fuel oil pollution from ships from the theoretical level, and analyzing the current inadequacies of our system and making recommendations for improvement. In addition to the