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四纵四横高铁线路列车空调动态负荷计算及节能策略-中国科学技术
第 54 卷第 18 期 机 械 工 程 学 报 Vol.54 No.18
2018 年 9 月 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Sep. 2 0 1 8
DOI :10.3901/JME.2018.18.162
“四纵四横”高铁线路列车空调动态负荷
计算及节能策略*
李 冲 巫江虹 姜 峰
(华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院 广州 510641)
摘要:建立列车空调动态负荷模型,采用反应系数法计算列车围护结构逐时导热量,采用热平衡法计算辐射换热得热量,计
算我国列车总体“四纵四横”线路同一发车时间列车逐时动态负荷,并对八条线路的结果进行分析比较,列车动态负荷变化
趋势与室外温度变化趋势一致,准确采集列车行驶过程中的气象参数有助于空调系统的匹配和控制。通过焓差试验测试方法
获得列车单元式空调系统随不同室外工况变化的 EER 曲线,根据EER 曲线结合“四纵四横”动态负荷计算列车空调逐时能
耗,计算“四纵四横”各行车区间压缩机负载比例,最后给出列车空调在线运行控制策略。结论是:我国“四纵四横”线路
列车空调可根据峰值的不同选择两类制冷量大小的空调系统(32 kW 和 23 kW) ;同一线路中的不同行车区间的空调负荷最大
差值为 16 kW,与定频模式相比,在线控制模式有效降低了列车空调耗电量,在上述线路和行车时间范围内,全国“四横四
纵”行车线路空调最大节电率为 30.4% 。
关键词:四纵四横;列车空调焓差试验;动态负荷;节能策略
中图分类号:U271.91
Dynamic Load Calculation and Energy Conservation Strategy Study for
“Four Vertical and Four Horizontal” High-speed Rail Air Conditioner
LI Chong WU Jianghong JIANG Feng
(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641)
Abstract :A dynamic load model of train air conditioner is established. the conduction load is calculated by the reaction coefficient
method. The heat of radiation is calculated by the heat balance method. Dynamic hourly load is calculated in “Four vertical and four
horizontal” lines and analysis result is given. The trend of the train dynamic load is consistent with the outdoor temperature trend.
This is helpful for the matching and control of the air conditioning systems to accurately collect the meteorological parameters during
the train running. The EER curve of train air conditioning systems varying with different outdoor conditions is obtained by enthalpy
test. The hourly energy consumption of train air conditioner is calculated with the EER and dyna
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