模因论对仿拟阐释力.docVIP

模因论对仿拟阐释力 　　提 要:从语言学角度看,模因论可解释许多语言现象,可启发我们从新的角度探讨语言的起源,也可指导我们更有效地学习和运用语言。模因论对仿拟有较强的阐释力。首先,模因论是仿拟结构要素存在的理论基础,任何字、词、短语、句子和篇章,只要能通过模仿得到复制和传播,就可成为模因,就可充当仿拟二元素之一的本体。其次,作为模因的复制和传播方式之一,类推是仿拟构成机理的有力说明和支撑,可以解释仿拟的两种生成方式:同音/近音异形横向类推和同构异义横向类推。此外,仿拟模因的传递具有多元性,一个本体往往可以多重复制,形式上有辐射型和连锁型两种。可见,模因论对仿拟构成强大的支撑,可以用来解释仿拟生成之谜。 　　关键词:模因;仿拟;同音/近音类推;同构类推 　　中图分类号:H030 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-0100(2010)04-0078-4 　　 　　The Explanatory Power of Memetics for Parody 　　Yi Kang 　　(Sichuan Business Vocational College, Chengdu 610091, China) 　　From linguistic point of view,memetics can be used to interpret language phenomena,explore the origin of language, and serve as guidelines for learning and applying language effectively.This paper mainly deals with the explanatory power of memetics for parody. Firstly, memetics is the theoretic base for the existence of parody elements. If replicated and propagated, any words, phrases, sentences or even passages can function as meme, and furthermore be the noumenon, one of the two elements of parody. Secondly, meme can be replicated and propagated in two ways, one of which is analogy. Analogy is a strong support for the forming mechanism of parody. According to the rule of analogy, a parody can be produced in two ways: one is the crosswise analogy with the same or similar pronunciation but different forms. And the other is also a crosswise analogy, but with the same structure and different meanings. The research bears another finding ―the transmission of parody meme is diversified, which means that a noumenon can be replicated in two different ways ―radiation and concatenation. In a word, memetics provides a powerful explanation for parody. 　　Key words:meme; parody; analogy with the same or similar pronunciation; analogy with the same structure 　　 　　1 引言 　　 　　仿拟指“仿照某种现成的语言形式拟创造出一个临时性的新说法的修辞方法”(徐国珍2003:6)。作为修辞手段,其作用犹如润滑剂,既能使语言诙谐幽默,营造愉悦气氛,又能嘲笑荒唐愚昧,讽刺社会丑恶现象;作为构词手段,能产性强,可创造许多新词新语。由于具有双重功效,倍受推崇,广泛活跃于各类话语中。许多学者都研究过这一语言现象。王德春(1989),黄伯荣、廖序东(1997),汪榕培(2000),李国南(200