武汉月湖沉积物不同形态氮含量与转换途径的垂直变化.pdf

J. Lake Sci.(湖泊科学), 2008, 20(4): 463-469 . E-mail: jlakes@ ©2008 by Journal of Lake Sciences * 武汉月湖沉积物不同形态氮含量与转换途径的垂直变化 1,2 1 1 1** 陈国元 , 李建秋 , 李清曼 , 周易勇 (1: 中国科学院水生生物研究所, 武汉 430072) (2: 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049) 摘 要: 描述了 2005 年 6 月月湖 4 个采样点沉积物不同形态氮含量、净硝化速率、净氮矿化速率与硝酸还原酶活性的垂直分 布. 亚表层(5-10cm)交换态 NO3--N 含量最高, 而有效态氮与交换态 NH4+-N 含量最低, 故具临界意义. 有效态氮多以交换态 + NH4 -N 的形式贮存于表层(0-5cm)与底层(10cm), 且底层含量较高, 这种分布与缺氧状态有关. 表层沉积物总氮和有机态氮 含量、净硝化速率、净氮矿化速率与硝酸还原酶活性均高, 间隙水中 NH4+-N 浓度亦取峰值, 而溶解态 NO3--N 浓度最低, 据 此提出氮循环的基本过程 : 有机态氮经矿化与硝化产生 NH4+-N 与 NO3--N, 同时导致有利于 NH4+-N 生成的缺氧状态, 并促使 部分 NO3--N 异化还原为 NH4+-N, 二者共同构成表层间隙水中丰富的 NH4+-N 源. 总之, 富营养化湖泊表层沉积物富含有机态 氮, 故为氮生物地球化学循环的最为活跃的层面, 而 NH4+-N 则为最具有效性且含量最高的形态. 关键词: 月湖; 沉积物; 氮含量; 转换途径; 垂直变化 Different forms of nitrogen contents and their vertical variations of transformation modes of the sediments of Lake Yuehu, Wuhan 1,2 1 1 1 CHEN Guoyuan , LI Jianqiu , LI Qingman ZHOU Yiyong (1: Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P.R.China) (2: Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China) Abstract : Vertical distributions of nitrogen contents, net nitrification rates, net N-mineralization rates and nitrate reductase activities in sediments of Lake Yuehu in June, 2005, were described on basis of four samples from the lake. The results showed that there was a critical layer in which exchangeable nitrate contents were the highest. Exchangeable ammonium and available nitrogen contents were the lowest in the subsurface sediment (5-10cm). Available nitrogen was stored mainl