Brown bidirectional crosslinguistic influence英文版本.pdf

SSLA , 30, 225–251+ Printed in the United States of America+ doi: 10+10170S0272263108080327 BIDIRECTIONAL CROSSLINGUISTIC INFLUENCE IN L1-L2 ENCODING OF MANNER IN SPEECH AND GESTURE A Study of Japanese Speakers of English Amanda Brown Syracuse University Marianne Gullberg Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Whereas most research in SLA assumes the relationship between the first language (L1) and the second language (L2) to be unidirec- tional, this study investigates the possibility of a bidirectional relation- ship. We examine the domain of manner of motion, in which monolingual Japanese and English speakers differ both in speech and gesture. Parallel influences of the L1 on the L2 and the L2 on the L1 were found in production from native Japanese speakers with intermediate knowledge of English. These effects, which were stron- gest in gesture patterns, demonstrate that (a) bidirectional inter- action between languages in the multilingual mind can occur even with intermediate proficiency in the L2 and (b) gesture analyses can offer insights on interactions between languages beyond those observed through analyses of speech alone. We gratefully acknowledge technical and financial support from the Max Planck Institute for Psycho- linguistics and the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek ~NWO; MPI 56-384, The Dynamics of Multilingual Processing, awarded to M+ Gullberg and P+ Indefrey!+ We would also like to thank two anonymous SSLA reviewers for their useful comments+ Address correspondence to: Amanda Brown, Department of Languages, Literatures and Linguis- tics, 340 H+ B+ Crouse Hall, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY