河道二维洪水演进数值模拟计算的研究及其应用-水力学及河流动力学专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 自古以来，人类文明的发展就与河流密切相关，河流为人类的生存与发展提 供了多种必须的基本资源。河流在造福于人类的同时，也伴随着不断的洪涝灾害。 自古以来，人类从未间断对河流的整治利用。为了能更好的发挥河流带给人类的 资源，我们必须充分认识河流演变发展所遵循的自然规律，合理的开发利用，从 而实现社会、经济、生态、环境的可持续和谐发展。 为了防御洪水的侵袭，减少洪水造成的危害，适时疏导行洪路径，研究洪水 运动规律是十分重要的。洪水演进模型应运而生，从而实现模拟历史洪水、实时 洪水和未来洪水，把有限的实测水情信息推演到全流域。洪水演进模型对流域洪 水水清、灾情做到事先评估、实时评估和事后评估，对灾区的水文特性、及时预 报洪水、进行实时的洪水调度具有极其重要的研究意义。 本文运用有限体积法建立二维非恒定流数学模型。收集北三河系流域资料， 对潮白河计算区内水文资料，防洪工程现状基本资料进行整理、分析。对计算区 域进行不规则网格划分，运用建立的数学模型对各频率洪水及工程建设前后工况 进行了洪水演进数值计算，并对结果进行了对比分析。计算结果较为合理，能够 充分反映工程建设对行洪的影响，精度满足工程需求。该洪水演进模型能够为河 道洪水演进分析提供有力的技术支持，从而为河道规划、洪水调度、灾情预报提 供有效的帮助。 关键词：洪水演进，数值模拟，潮白河 ABSTRACT Throughout history, the development of human civilization is closely related to the river. Rivers are necessary resources for human survival and development. Rivers in the benefit of mankind, but also accompanied by constant floods. Since ancient times, humans have never stopped on river remediation use. We must understand the evolution of the river followed by nature laws and use it in a rational way in order to achieve sustainable and harmonious development of society, economy, ecology and environment. To defend against the invasion of flood and reduce the harm caused by it, it is very important to divert its path timely and study the movement of it. The emerge of Flood routing model achieved the simulation of historical flood, real-time flood and future flood, the computation from limited hydrological information to whole basin, the prior assessment, real-time assessment and ex-post evaluation of flood and its affected areas. It has extremely important significance for the research of hydrological characteristics , timely flood forecasting and real time flood dispatching . In this paper, the finite volume method is used to establish a mathematical model for unsteady flow. Basic information of Beisan Rivers watershed, hydrological data of Chaobai river are collected, collated, analyzed. The calculate area is irregular meshed, the mathematical model for each frequency and the co