第一章_原油电脱盐（西南石油）.pptVIP

石油化工过程系统概论 3.The mixing intensity of the crude oil and the water The mixing intensity means the mixing degree of the crude oil, the washing water and the demulsifiers. A certain mixing intensity should be ensured to improve the desalting effect. The scale of the mixing intensity is represented by the differential pressure of the mixing valve ΔP. The mixing of the crude oil and the washing water is usually processed by the crude oil pump, the jet pump, the mixing column（混合柱）, the mixing valve and/or static mixer. If the mixing and the salt washing are not processed well enough, the salt content after desalting will be too much. Over-mixing may produce the emulsion（乳化液） which is uneasy to be damaged by the electric field. 4.The injection capacity and the type of the demulsifiers The injection capacity and the type of the demulsifiers have an obvious effect on the separation between the oil and the water. The injection capacity and the type of the demulsifiers are determined by the quality of the processed crude oil and the pre-processed degree of the crude oil. The injection capacity and the type of the demulsifiers suitable for each crude oil are assessed through the experiment. 5.The controlling position of oil-water interface level The oil-water interface level in the desalting tank should be kept at a certain position lower than the electrode board but should not be too low. Otherwise, the oil carried with the water will be increased. If the water interface level or the emulsion layer is enhanced to the electrode zone, the electrode short circuit or the unstable voltage and current would be caused. 6.The operating temperature of desalting The general desalting temperature suitable for the crude oil is 100～120℃. The desalting temperature suitable for crude oil with heavy quality can choose 125～148℃. 7.The pressure of the desalting tank Adjust the back pressure valve of the system to keep the pressure higher than the steam pressure of the mixture of t