基于STM32的模糊PID温度控制系统-控制科学与工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 本文设计了一种基于STM32的电阻炉模糊PID温度控制系统，并进行了硬件系 统设计和软件编程。具体内容如下： 1. 本文设计了系统的总方案和硬件系统。基于STM32F103ZET6芯片的ARM微 处理器设计了测量电路、控制电路和通信电路。选用K型热电偶和用作数据转换的 MAX6675作为温度测量电路的主要器件。在温度控制电路中，采用交流型固态继电 器SSR控制电阻炉的工作状态。串口通信电路主要用来实现设置和显示温度等功能。 2. 研究了常规PID算法和模糊算法，提出电阻炉温度控制系统的模糊PID控制算 法。并在Matlab/Simulink环境中对电阻炉温度控制的PID方法和模糊PID方法进行了 仿真研究。通过对比仿真结果可以发现，模糊PID算法的超调量更小，到达稳定状态 的时间更短，而且抗干扰性强，控制效果更好。 3. 采用C语言进行软件设计，分别开发了主控程序、温度采集程序、温度控制 程序和串口通信程序。最后，进行了在线编译调试。结果表明所设计的系统满足设 计要求。 关键词：STM32；温度控制；模糊 PID 控制；仿真；电阻炉 Abstract A fuzzy PID resistance furnace intelligent temperature control system based on STM32 is designed in this paper. Then the hardware circuit and the software program are designed in this system. Specific content is as follows: The whole design scheme of the system and the hardware circuit are presented. The hardware circuit is composed of temperature measurement circuit, temperature control circuit and the serial port communication circuit, etc. The ARM STM32F103ZET6 chop is adopted as the main part of the hardware circuit. The temperature measurement part is made up of K type thermocouple and MAX6675 AD converter. In the temperature control circuit, the SSR solid state relays is used to control the main loop of the resistance furnace on and off. The temperature setting, display and other functions are realized by the serial port communication circuit. The normal PID algorithm and the fuzzy algorithm are studied in detail. Hence, the fuzzy PID control is proposed to control the temperature of the resistance furnace. Then, the Matlab/Simulink model is built to analyze the conventional PID resistance furnace temperature control model and adaptive fuzzy PID resistance furnace temperature control model. The comparison results show that the fuzzy PID control has small system overshoot, fast response time, high control precision and better control effect. C language is used to complete the software part. The process of the main control program, the temperature acquisition program, the temperatur