基于STM32的残余电压测试仪研制-电子与通信工程专业论文.docxVIP

Classified index: TN912.3 U.D.C: 621.39 Dissertation for the Master Degree in Engineering THE RESEARCH OF RESIDUAL VOLTAGE TESTER BASED ON STM32 Candidate： Li Yan Supervisor： Associate Prof. Liu Gongliang Academic Degree Applied for： Master of Engineering Specialty： Electronics and Communication Engineering Affiliation: School of Information and Electrical Engineering Date of Defence: July, 2012 Degree-conferring-Institution: Harbin Institute of Technology 摘 要 家用电器内部存在的容性器件会在断电后向插头释放残压电荷，当放电 电压过高时，会使误触插头的用户发生触电的危险。目前国内有相应的安全 条款规定，限制电器内部对外放电的电压和持续时间。但是，有效测量电器 残压放电参数的仪器设备并不完善，目前常用的有人工手动切断电源和使用 EMC 电压跌路仪两种方法进行测量。 前者存在断电时刻无法控制，误差 大，重复操作率高等限制，效率和检测精度较低；后者虽然效果较好，精度 高，但是器材价格昂贵，体积较大，不便于推广。 针对上述问题，本课题研制了一套性能较好、成本低而且便携的电器残 压测试仪。该设备通过对交流信号波峰（谷）的同步捕获来预计周期性的波 峰（谷）抵达时间。同步捕获算法选用稳定可靠的相关算法和均方误差算 法。 硬件和软件系统围绕以 STM32F407 高性能 32 位微控制器为核心的平 台，使用多通道的高速模数转换器进行采样。STM32F407 中的浮点处理器 调用 DSP 库根据算法对数据进行单精度浮点处理。最后处理器依据得到的 预测结果在指定时刻释放继电器。 实验表明，本仪器可以对信号进行较 为精确的同步跟踪，并在波峰 （谷）断开电器的供电电源，实现较为稳定和精确的残压测量。 关键词：电器残压测量；交流信号同步跟踪；STM32F407；DSP 运行库 Abstract The capacitive device existing in household appliances usually releases residual pressure charge while the equipment is unplugged. Users will get the risk of electric shock when the voltage of the plug is high enough. Currently, there are security provisions to limit the voltage and the duration of the external discharge of an electrical appliance. However, effective methods to check the electrical residual pressure are not perfect. Manual control and EMC voltage measuring equipment are in use. However, the former one is lack of accuracy and the users need to operate repeatedly. The latter one is better but much more expensive and bulky. According to the mentioned issues, a high performance, low-cost and portable electrical residual voltage tester is developed in this research. By synchronously capture the AC signal, the coming periodic peak (valley) can be accurately estimated. The algorithm based on correlation calculation and mean square error is stabl