《弗斯语言学理论Firth#;sTheory》-课件设计（公开).pptVIP

Social situations determine the social roles Since the total number of typical contexts of situation is finite, the total number of social roles is also finite(有限的） In analyzing a typical context of situation, one has to take into consideration both the situational context and the linguistic context of a text. (1)The internal relations of the text itself The syntagmatic relations between the elements in the structure the paradigmatic relations between units in the system. (2)The internal relations of the context of situation The relations between text and non-linguistic elements, and the general effects The analytical relations between words, parts of words, phrases and the special elements of the context of situation. Contextual analysis PROSODIC PHONOLOGY韵律音位学 准音位单位构成聚合关系。 准音位单位中的特征要比音位中的特征少，因为有些特征是一个音节或短语（甚至句子）所共有的。当在组合关系中考虑这些特征时，它们都被称为“韵律单位”(prosodic units)。 human utterance is a continuous speech phonological description only deals with paradigmatic relations, without syntagmatic relations need phonematic unit (准音位单位） Features of prosodic unit Stress 重读 Length 音长 Nasalization 鼻化 Palatalization 硬腭化 Aspiration 送气 Polysystemic analysis 1. emphasize syntagmatic relations. The basic unit in analyzing speech is not word, but text. Whichever level we analyze, we should analyze the prosodic units of the text. Thank you! “ ” “ ” Firth’s theory 弗斯理论 By 林畅，冯蓉，王楚 The London School Malinowski influence Firth influence Halliday Essence of language A social process A means of social life A set of agreed-upon semiotics and signs.(一套约定俗成的符号） Firth： Language is a means of doing things and of making others do things. It is a means of acting and living Is language wholly inborn or utterly acquired Both inborn and required ---Firth Object, Goal, and Method of study of linguistics Object --- language in actual use Goal --- to analyze meaningful elements of language in order to establish corresponding relations between ling