r.w.emerson-3美国文学爱默生课件.pptVIP

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) His Status in the World Father of American Civilization (Lincoln) America’s Confucius (Lincoln) Leader of the First Literary Renaissance Life Born in Boston to a clerical tradition (1803) Harvard (1817) A Unitarian minister (1826, 1829-1832) Travel around Europe (1832-1833) Wordsworth, Coleridge, Carlyle Write essays and deliver speeches Death (1882) Emersons Major Works Nature , the Bible of Transcendentalism “Self-Reliance”, the importance of cultivating oneself “The American Scholar”, regarded as “Declaration of Intellectual Independence” remind readers of Noah Webster →America must be as independent in literature as she is in politics, as famous for the arts as for arms. Nature Standing on the bare ground, my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted space, all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God. 站在空旷大地之上，我的头脑沐浴于欢欣的气息并升腾于无限的空间，一切卑劣的自高自大消失无踪。我变成一个透明的眼球；我化为乌有；我却遍览一切；宇宙精神的湍流环绕激荡着我。我成为上帝的一部分，我是他的微粒。 The American Scholar “Our long apprenticeship to the learning of other lands draws to a close. The millions that around us are rushing into life cannot always be fed on the sere remains of foreign harvests… we will walk on our own feet; we will work with our own hands; we will speak our own minds.” See more examples on page 25 What is Transcendentalism? The publication of Nature (1836) marked the beginning of New England Transcendentalism, the summit of American Romanticism. What is popularly called Transcendentalism among us is idealism. (Emerson) It (idealism) beholds the whole circle of persons and things, of actions and events, of country and religion, … as one vast picture which God paints on the eternity for the contemplation of the soul. (Emerson) Doctrines of Transcendentalism 1) The most important thing in the u