初中现在完成时讲解与练习全.pptVIP

现在完成时 have/ has +过去分词  now past future 一般过去时 现在完成时 一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情 现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响 过去分词的构成 1.直接加-ed。如：play-played 2.以字母e结尾的直接加d 。如：name-named 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。如：carry-carried 4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped 5.不规则变化.(见课本136页） 1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city. 现在完成时的用法 2) 表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用. already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾. 3) 表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born . Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? 常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用. for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 现在完成时 Present perfect 句型 1.肯定句 “主语 + have（has）＋过去分词”。 注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。 .疑问句 　have（has) + 主语 + 过去分词 （ 回答用“Yes，主语+have（has）．／ “ No，主语h+haven’t（hasn’t）．” ） .否定句： 主语+ “havent（hasnt）＋过去分词”。 I’ve already had dinner. I ________ ________ dinner ________. 2. He has just finished his homework. He ________ ________ his homework _________. 3. Mum’s cooked the dinner. Mum _______ ________ the dinner. 4. Susan’s learned English at school. Susan ________ ________ English at school. haven’t had yet hasn’t finished yet hasn’t cooked hasn’t learned 把下列句子改为否定句 I’ve already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mum’s cooked the dinner. 4. Susan’s learned English at school. Have you already had dinner? Has he just finished his homework? Has mum cooked the dinner? Has Susan learned English at school? 把下列句子改为一般疑问句 注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用. 　瞬间动词 join begin/start borrow finish/end arrive/come