基于GIS的水环境评价系统-环境工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要人们对水环境问题认识的不断提高和地理信息系统(GIS)技术的不断发展， 摘要 人们对水环境问题认识的不断提高和地理信息系统(GIS)技术的不断发展， 使水环境评价与GIS技术相结合成为可能。本研究将GIS技术引入水环境评价， 成功的开发了基于GIS技术的水环境评价方法，不但拓宽了GIS的应用领域， 而且大大提高了水环境评价的水平． 本研究利用GIS突出的空间数据采集、管理、操作、分析、模拟能力，以 GIS和数据库为开发平台，建立水环境评价系统，开发了基于GIS的长江镇江段 水环境评价软件，初步实现了三大功fig：图形功能、数据库功能和水环境评价功 能。 本研究以ESRI公司的ArcGIS为开发平台，以ESRI公司的MapObjects为开 发组件，实现了基本的图形功能，包括缩放、平移、空间查询等。 本研究以SQL Server 2000为数据库工具，结合关系数据库理论进行数据库 概念设计、逻辑设计、物理设计并建立数据库，以Delphi为开发语言，实现了 对水环境信息的浏览、查询、更新等功能，实现了对水环境信息的高效管理。 本研究在水环境评价的各个过程中， 包括污染源评价、水质现状评价、水质 预测等过程中结合GIS和数据库技术， 设计嵌入了污染源评价模型，通过计算 污染负荷，进行主要污染物的判定；设计嵌入了水质现状评价模型，利用内梅罗 指数和WQI水质指数判定评价水域是否符合期望水质标准；设计嵌入了一维水 质预测模型和多河段的BOD—DO模型，预测水质变化情况，为决策者提供决策 支持。 关键字：地理信息系统(GIS)，数据库设计，水环境评价，污染源评价，水质 评价，水质预测 ABSTRACTWater ABSTRACT Water environment is a global problem that has got more and more attentions，and technologies to solve water environment problem have being developed quickly． Geographic information system(GIS)is a powerful tool in the information times， which has been used in many fields successfully．In this paper,combination between water environment assessment and GIS iS studied．And a GIS—based method of water environment assess is developed successfully．The research has expanded the application fields of GIS，and improved the standard of water environment assessment． In this research，GIS and Database were selected嬲the basic development system． based the GIS’S function ofdata collection、management、analysis、simulation,water environment assessment system Was established and a software of water environment assessment based GIS Was developed to realize three functions of graphics，database， water environment assessment． In this research，ESRI’s product--ArcGIS was selected as the basic system and MapObjeets Was selected as a development control to design basic graphic function, include zoom、pan、spatial query． In mis research．SQL Server 2000 and relational database were selected to establish a database，include concept design、logic design、physics design． Programming language D