个别的行为的基础（英文）.docxVIP

Class2 Foundations of Individual Behavior I.Biographical Characteristics II.Ability III.Personality IV.Learning  Dependent Variable Productivity---- ---(job performance) Absenteeism Turnover Job satisfaction I.Biographical Characteristics 1.Age Age-Turnover:The older you get,the less likely you are to quit your job. Absenteeism:Inversely related? Older -- higher rates of unavoidable absence Productivity declines with age? Unrelated Satisfaction:Most--positive association;U- Shaped.Professionals:continually increase; Nonprofessionals:falls during middle age ,--rise 2.Gender There is no significant difference in job Productivity between males and females. No evidence indicates gender affects Job satisfaction Absenteeism,women have higher rates of--. Family ,Time bound? Turnover,mixed evidence.Some found females to have higher---;no difference I. 3.Marital Status ? No enough studies on--- Productivity Married employees have fewer Absences, less Turnover,more Job satisfaction ?Question of causation, ?Other statuses besides single or married,divorced or widow. I. 4.Number of dependents ? No enough studies on--- Productivity Positively correlated with Absence,esp. F.; Job satisfaction Turnover:mixed result.Some indicate that children increase turnover;other lower. 5.Tenure Productivity,seniority isn’t a good predictor, past perf. related to output in new position negatively related to Absenteeism (frequency,days off), Turnover satisfaction: are positively related. More consistent and stable predictor that age. II.Ability Intellectual Ability dimensions Number aptitude--speedy accurate arithmetic Verbal Comprehension--read,heard,words Perceptual speed--Fire investigator Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Spacial visualization---interior decorator Memory--Salesperson:names of II.Ability Physical Ability factors Strength----Dynamic,trunk,static,explosive Flexibility----extent, Dynamic Other----body coordination,balance,Stamina III.Personality 1.The sum total of ways in