基于FPGA的多波束频率不变波束形成.docVIP

第2期 张瑞等：基于FPGA的多波束频率不变波束形成 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 4 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 5 声 学 技 术 2015年 第34卷第s期 声 学 技 术 Vol.34, No.s 2015年12月 Technical Acoustics Dec., 2015 MACROBUTTON MTEditEquationSection2 SEQ MTEqn \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ MTSec \r 1 \h \* MERGEFORMAT SEQ MTChap \r 1 \h \* MERGEFORMAT 基于FPGA的多波束频率不变波束形成 张 瑞，王 惠刚 (西北工业大学航海学院，陕西西安 710072) 摘 要：频率不变波束形成技术可以在较宽频率范围内无失真地接收到来自空间某一方向的宽带信号。傅里叶变换频率不变波束形成技术适用于任何期望的频率不变波束图，且可以推广到多维阵列的情况。为了减小宽带多波束常规波束形成所需的庞大计算量以实现快速成像，本文针对平面阵提出了基于FPGA 的适合于硬件结构的多波束傅里叶变换频率不变波束形成算法的具体处理方法，包括面向阵元和面向波束的分块算法，通过多个 FPGA 分块完成多波束的频率不变波束形成。通过对比分析表明，基于 FPGA 的分块算法与常规波束形成相比，数据存储量和计算量都大幅下降。 关键词：多波束；频率不变波束形成；FPGA Multi-beam Frequency Invariant Beamforming Based on FPGA ZHANG Rui, WANG Hui-gang (Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an，Shannxi 710072) Abstract: The frequency invariant beamforming technique can receive the broadband signals from a certain direction without distortion. Frequency invariant beamforming approach based on Fourier transform can be applied to any desired frequency response and multi-dimensional arrays. In order to reduce the huge computational task required by broadband multi-beam conventional beamforming to implement fast imaging, the specific implementation of multi-beam frequency invariant beamforming algorithm based on FPGA in planar array which is easy to achieved in hardware is proposed, including sensor-oriented and beam-oriented methods. Multi-FPGA are used to complete the multi-beam frequency invariant beamforming to simplify both data storage and computation. The analysis results demonstrate that the new algorithms show great savings in the computational load and data storage compared with the conventional beamforming. Key words: multi-be