江西省万载县株潭中学人教版高中英语必修二教案：Unit 3 Computers Grammar .docVIP

株潭中学英语学科备课表（教案） 课 题 课 型 Grammar 年级 高一 日 期 2017.12 Unit3 Computers 新授 主备人 黎辰 复备人 授课人 教 学 目 标 Learn the grammar knowledge of the passive voice of the present perfect tense 重 点 The structure of the passive voice of the present perfect tense 难 点 How to use Attributive Clause correctly. 器 材 Multimedia 教学过程 学生活动 设计意图 授课人标注 Step 1: Look at the following sentence, paying attention to the underlined part. Over time I have been changed a lot. Step 2: 现在完成时的被动语态的谓语构成形式： The results of their experiments have already been published. The party has been planned since the new year. 肯定式：have / has（has只用于第三人称单数，其余人称用have） + been + 及物动词的过去分词。 They haven’t been told about it yet. 否定式：_____________________+及物动词的过去分词。 —Have his books been sold out? —Yes. So you can’t buy one now. 一般疑问句形式： ______________________+及物动词的过去分词。 How many experiments have been done by the students this month? 特殊疑问句形式： 疑问词+have / has +been+及物动词的过去分词。 Step 3: 现在完成时的被动语态通常有以下两种情况： 表示过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在，常与之连用的时间状语有：for+一段时间，since+时间状语（从句），these days, so far, up to now, in the last / past few years等。 表示某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, ever, never, recently等连用。 e.g. The bike has not been repaired yet. I have already been introduced to Mr. Smith. Step 4: 【注意】 1) 现在完成时被动语态的两个助动词：have／has和been缺一不可。 2) 注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。 一般过去时被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。 3) 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。 e.g. The orphans have been taken good care of here． 孤儿们在这里受到很好的照顾 4) 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。 [误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. [正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 5) 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。 6) 只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 e.g. We have built many houses in the past ten years