Hydraulics Applications(钻井设计中的水力应用).pptVIP

* * * At the wellsite, the choice of which model to use is best accomplished by graphing the viscometric data available from the mud engineer. This data typically consists of three quantities: the 600 rpm reading, the 300 rpm reading, and the gel strength. The position of the gel strength along the shear stress axis predominantly determines which model is the best fit. If the gel strength is high and near the yield point, the fluid is best approximated by a Bingham model. If the gel strength is very low, the fluid is better approximated by the Power Law model. If all six Fann values are available, then the Hershel-Bulkley model is the recommended option. * The borehole bottom is best cleaned when the force exerted by the jets is at a Maximum Obtained when circulation rates and bit nozzle sizes are selected such the pressure drop across the bit is 48% of the total pump pressure. * Effects of Yield Point * Effect of ROP * Drill Pipe D1 D2 Pressure Losses Drill String * Hydraulics Applications Which Rheological Model to Use? Plot 600 rpm reading, the 300 rpm reading, and the gel strength on shear stress plot The position of the gel strength along the shear stress axis predominantly determines which model is the best fit If the gel strength is high and near the yield point, the fluid is best approximated by a Bingham model If the gel strength is very low, the fluid is better approximated by the Power Law model If all six Fann values are available, then the Hershel-Bulkley model is the recommended option * How Can I Pump More? * Total System Pressure Losses Losses Ranked Drill pipe Turbines Motors Bit nozzles HWDP DC’s MWD/LWD tools Annulus losses Surface equipment Where do I need to look if pressure limitations are limiting my flow rate? Mud properties Mud weight needed PV, YP * Factors that Affect Hydraulics * Rules for Optimizing Hydraulics – Flow Rate * Rules for Optimizing Hydraulics – HHP * Rules for Optimizing Hydraulics