蟾酥研究进展.PDF

中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第45 卷 第21 期 2014 年11 月 ·3185 · 蟾酥的研究进展 1 1 1 1 2 2* 寇冠军 ，秦姿凡 ，邓雅芳 ，刘伟爽 ，徐 强 ，王保和 1. 天津中医药大学，天津 300193 2. 天津中医药大学第二附属医院，天津 300150 摘 要：蟾酥由蟾蜍表皮腺体的分泌物经干燥而成。作为一种传统中药，其所含化学成分复杂，能清热解毒、醒脑开窍、化 结溃坚；具有降压、增强心肌收缩力、增加冠状动脉流量、抗肿瘤、麻醉等药理作用。临床中广泛用于心血管系统、呼吸系 统、五官、外科等疾病的治疗；作为有毒中药，其量效关系、毒性成分、中毒剂量和毒理机制等问题亦不容忽视。试从蟾酥 的化学成分、药理作用及其机制、毒理作用、不良反应、炮制工艺、药动学等方面对其进行初步总结，为深入研究蟾酥的药 理作用及复方制剂提供参考。 关键词：蟾酥；蟾毒；蟾毒配基；蟾毒灵；不良反应 中图分类号：R284 ；285 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253 - 2670(2014)21 - 3185 - 05 DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2014.21.025 Research progress on Bufonis Venenum 1 1 1 1 2 2 KOU Guan-jun , QIN Zi-fan , DENG Ya-fang , LIU Wei-shuang , XU Qiang , WANG Bao-he 1. Tianjin University of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China 2. Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China Abstract: Bufonis Venenum is made by toad skin gland secretion after drying. As a kind of Chinese materia medica (CMM), it contains complex chemical composition and has these pharmacological effects: to remove toxic heat, wake up the brain orifices, eliminate the mass, step-down blood pressure, increase myocardial contraction force and coronary artery blood flow, and use for antitumor and anesthesia. It is widely used in diseases in clinic such as cardiovascular, respiratory, facial features, and surgical treatment. While, as toxic CMM, the concentration-response relationship, toxic ingredients, toxic dose, and poisoning mechanism should not be ignored also. The author preliminarily summaries its effects from composition, pharmacological effects and mechanisms, adverse reactions, processing technology, and pharmacokinetics, and provides the references for its fu