基于单片机的PID温度控制系统.doc

南　京　工　业　大　学 毕　业　设　计 题　　目：基于单片机的温度控制系统 2011年6月 基于单片机的温度控制系统设计 摘要 近年来随着计算机在社会领域的渗透，单片机的应用正在不断深入，同时带动传统控制检测日新月益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统时，经常作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构，以及具体应用对象特点的软件结合，以作完善。 本文从硬件和软件两方面来讲述水温的自动控制过程，在控制过程中主要应用AT89C51、DS18B20、MAX232等，而主要是通过DS18B20数字温度传感器采集环境温度，以单片机为核心控制部件。软件方面采用汇编语言来进行程序设计，这样可以使指令的执行速度快，节省存储空间。为了便于扩展和更改，软件设计采用模块化结构，使程序设计的逻辑关系更加的简洁明了，使硬件在软件的控制下协调运作。 而系统的过程则是：首先，设定恒温运行时的温度值。然后，在运行过程中将采样的温度数字量送入单片机，最后用单片机来控制加热器，进行加热或停止加热，直到能在规定的温度下恒温加热。 关键词：单片机系统 传感器 数据采集 模数转换器 温度 DESIGN OF TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM BASED ON SCM Abstract In recent years, with the computer penetration in the social field, the application of SCM is to keep at the same time, traditional control testing update on Crescent benefits. In real-time detection and automatic control system of single-chip applications, often as a single-chip core component to use only single-chip is not enough knowledge, but also the specific hardware structure and the specific features of application software objects combine to make perfect. In this paper, both hardware and software for automatic control of water temperature on the process, in the control of the main application of the process of AT89C51, DS18B20, MAX232 and so on, but mainly through the digital temperature sensor DS18B20 collecting ambient temperature to single-chip microcomputer as the core control components. Software using assembly language for programming, so that the implementation of Directive speed to save storage space. To facilitate the expansion and change, software design using modular structure, make the program design logical relationship more succinctly, make the hardware in the software under the control of the coordination of operations. And systematic process is: First of all, set the thermostat temperature at the time of operation. Then, in the running temperature of the process of sampling digital into the single-chip microcomputer, the last single-chip microcomputer to control the heater used for heating or