应急观测小椭圆轨道设计与轨道机动方法分析.pdfVIP

Abstract Abstract As space information system offers strong support to military activities and rescue missions now, satellite technology has played an indispensable role in quick response to emergencies. However, how to reduce cost and improve response ability, is one of the focuses of the technology of operationally responsive space. With that as the background, this thesis performs the research on the technologies of small elliptic orbit design for ground emergency observation and the research on analytical algorithm as well as optimization algorithm for ground track manipulation under J2 item perturbation within a limited time. The main contents as follows: Firstly, since only a few days of precise observations are needed for emergency relief tasks, the design scheme of the small elliptic orbit in which a satellite make Earth observation near the perigee just for a short time is presented and the design method is deduced. Consideration is given both to reduce atmospheric damping and to improve the resolution of ground objects in the scheme compared to that of a low circle orbit. A small elliptic repeating orbit is designed due to the requirement of revisit rate. Focusing on ground resolution constraints of elliptical orbit, a link between ground resolution and perigee is established. Then the criteria of ground observation is deduced with the help of the rule of apsidal motion, and so is the design method of controls parameter. This thesis summarizes the calculating method of illumination intensity for arbitrary point on the ground, and the calculating methods of two critical moment of the specified illumination intensity of the same day is deduced in turn, for that the instant light intensity can’t be determined by local time of descending node. Secondly,