中外翻译理论期末考试点.docx

中外翻译理论考点 △重点 John Fryer(傅兰雅)(British) Translates more practical aspects of Euro-American science and technology into late imperial China.(Editor of The Chinese Scientific Magazine《格致汇编》) Mirroring the Origins of Chemistry《化学鉴原》 Chemical Analyse《化学考质》 An Introduction to Chemistry《化学初阶》 Methods of translating(to establish a systematic nomenclature based on 3 linguistic choices): Using existing nomenclature（系统命名法） from native works on the arts and science; Coining new terms by creating a new character, inventing an descriptive term, or phoneticizing a Western term according to the Mandarin dialect; Constructing a general vocabulary list of terms and proper names. -Why Xu Shou and John Fryer’s translated names for the elements are still in use? -Because their method of translation was quite rational and not simply. Lin Shu ——famous for introducing the Western literary works into Chinese Born in Fujian Province in 1852 and received the provincial graduate（举人） The most influential works: La Dame Aux Camelias《巴黎茶花女遗事》； Oliver Twist《贼史》 Uncle Tom’s Cabin《黑奴吁天录》 The first person to bring many of the important works of Western literature to the attention to the Chinese for the first time and Chinese began to appreciate the value of Western fiction. Translation motives: to cultivate patriotism: his translation intentions were to save the nation from subjugation and ensure its survival; To educate the public: he hopes that the Chinese people could learn the pioneering spirit from reading the translation of the novel. Translation Methods: Omission(considering the Chinese culture and the Chinese reader’s reception): delete some contents for the sake of Chinese literary norms and Chinese reader’s taste; Addition(considering reader’s expectation): to publish and improve the original and also to help the readers to understand the original and the Western tradition, making the translation more interesting and attractive and appealing; Alteration(considering t