土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸B区高风险气藏安全钻井技术-天然气工业.PDF

第36 卷第8 期 钻 井 工 程 · 83 · B 土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸 区高风险气藏安全钻井技术 李万军　王 刚　周海秋　顾亦新 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 李万军等.土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸B 区高风险气藏安全钻井技术. 天然气工业， 2016, 36(8): 83-88. 摘　要　在土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸B 区钻井史上，由于存在高压浅层次生气层、高压盐水层、高压高产气藏以及巨厚盐膏层的 复杂地层，因而井喷、卡钻、高压盐水结晶导致井筒报废等事故频发，钻井成功率仅为64% ，钻井安全风险极高，部分气田已禁止 钻井施工。为此，针对性地开展了如下安全钻井技术试验与应用 ：①针对浅层次生高压气层，采用小尺寸领眼试钻，很大程度上减 少了井筒容积，使进入井筒油气的量大大降低，减少了加重钻井液，加快了压井作业时间，提高了钻遇复杂层的安全性，同时在浅 层气井区外围采用了钻大斜度井定向井强采方案 ；②针对高压巨厚盐膏层，优选了与盐膏层相配伍的欠饱和—饱和盐水钻井液体系， 优选了盐岩蠕变模型，建立了盐膏层井眼缩径方程，形成了钻井液密度图版，确定了盐膏层安全钻井液密度，有效地提高了盐膏层 段钻井液的抗污染性和抗蠕变性，保证了井筒安全。已推广应用近百口井，钻井成功率达 100%，井喷发生率为零，解放了 “钻井禁 区”，较好地解决了该区域高风险天然气井安全钻井难题。 关键词　土库曼斯坦　阿姆河右岸B 区　井喷报废　次生高压气层　高压盐水　高压高产气藏　巨厚盐膏层　高风险　安全钻井 DOI:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2016.08.010 Drilling safety technologies for high-risk gas reservoirs in Block B on Right Bank of the Amu Darya River, Turkmenistan Li Wanjun, Wang Gang, Zhou Haiqiu, Gu Yixin (CNPC Drilling Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China) NATUR. GAS IND. VOLUME 36, ISSUE 8, pp.83-88, 8/25/2016. (ISSN 1000-0976; In Chinese) Abstract: In the Block B on the Amu Darya River Right Bank, Turkmenistan, the formations are complex with high-pressure shallow secondary gas zones, high-pressure brine zones, high-pressure high-yield gas reservoirs and huge thick salt-gypsum layers. In its drilling history, therefore, blowout, pipe sticking and high-pressure brine crystallization often result in well abandonment, so the success ratio of well drilling is only 64%. Obviously, its drilling risk is so high that drilling of some gas fields have been prohibited. In view of this, a se- ries of safe drilling technologies were tested and applied in this block. As for high-pressure shallow secondary gas