车身镀锌钢活性激光熔透焊试验研究-NSFC.DOC

车身镀锌钢活性激光熔透焊试验研究 梅丽芳，王峥慧，严东兵，葛晓宏 （厦门理工学院机械与汽车工程学院，福建 厦门 361024） 摘要：为了研究活性焊接技术增大低功率激光连接强度的可行性，提高小功率激光焊的焊接效率和降低成本，本文采用活性激光焊接法，针对活性剂的添加对车身用镀锌钢焊接性能的影响进行了研究，取得了焊缝熔宽变化、接头显微组织及力学性能等方面的研究数据，结果表明：活性剂的涂覆有效提高了试样对入射激光能量的吸收，增大了作用于试样的激光功率密度，进而增大了母材金属熔化量，使得焊缝熔宽增大。表层涂覆活性剂焊接试件接头的微观组织仍主要以等轴晶与柱状晶为主，晶粒有所细化，但热影响区有所变大。此外，涂覆活性剂的焊接试件的抗拉强度和显微硬度均优于未涂覆活性剂焊接试件，表明活性剂的添加有效改善了低功率激光熔透焊试件的力学性能。 关键词：活性剂，激光焊接，熔宽，性能 中图分类号：TG456.7 文献标志码：A Research of laser welding of automobile galvanized steel with activating fluxes MEI Lifang, WANG Zhenghui，YAN Dongbing, GE Xiaohong ( Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024） Abstract: To increase the weld melt zone and enhance the mechanical properties of weld joints, and to improve the low power laser welding efficiency and reduce cost, the possibility of the weld width improvement on the welding joint by low-power pulsed laser with activating flux was studied. Based on the research of laser welding of galvanized steel with the flux, the effect of the activating flux on the weldability of specimens, as well as the mechanism of weld-width improvement, was studied, and the relevant data was received. The results shown that the weld-width was increased significantly with the activating flux, as the result of the absorption of the YAG laser can be improved effectively by surfactant coating, the heat input was increased and the amount of the base metal melted enlarged. In addition, under the action of activating flux, the joint microstructure is still mainly equiaxed and columnar grain, but the temperature gradient in the melt zone was increased which resulting in grain refine improvement, the tensile strength and hardness of the joints are better than specimens uncoated activating flux due to the dense microstructure, and thus effectively improve the low-power pulsed laser deep penetration welding performance. Keywords: activating flux; laser weld; weld width; property 1引言 活性焊接概念，最早由乌克兰的巴顿焊接研究所提出[1]。该技术是焊前在试样