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Speaker Notes Use this space for overall notes and general comments. Simply select this text and replace it with your own comments. Summary Heading. Text. Heading. Text. Heading. Text. Heading. Text. Many people do not understand that ethics are situation-specific and time-based -- and business ethics are no exception. Teaching Tip: But this does not mean that ethics are capricious or unimportant. In fact, all societies have a code of ethics and more businesses than ever recognize that a strong code of ethics is good business: it can protect the company from internal wrong-doing and possible legal liability, and, for marketers, serve as a strong foundation upon which to build long-term customer relationships. Ethical development can be thought of as having three levels: Preconventional Morality. This childlike level is calculating and self-centered. As a selfish morality, it is typically based upon what is likely to be immediately rewarded or punished. Conventional Morality. At this level the focus moves away from the self and toward the expectations (conventions) of the society in which the individual lives. Loyalty and obedience to “the rules” are important and this behavior can be generalized from society as a whole to an attachment to one’s company or organization. Marketers at this level are concerned with whether or not an activity is legal and how it is viewed by others. Postconventional Morality. At this level, the individual takes a long-run view of her or his actions, weighing them in relation to terminal values and matters of principle. This is the morality of the mature adult. Summary Overview XXXX Major Title Heading. XXXX Heading. XXXX Heading. XXXX Heading. XXXX Replace with presentation notes here. 雌激素：免疫增强剂，生理剂量同时促进Th1及th2反应，高剂量却只促进Th2,而抑制Th1 反应。水平越高，此作用越明显。促进IL-6生成，导致TB细胞成熟分化，产生抗体，引起组织损伤，释放组织因子，诱发高凝状态，血栓风险增加。 孕激素：免疫抑制剂，抑制母体对胎儿的免疫反应，拮抗雌激素的免疫增强作用。 孕激素水平：活动性狼疮非活动狼疮正常人， 活动性狼疮，孕初活化的淋巴细胞对雌激素导致的Th2细胞因子更加敏感，更易活化。 因此，活动性狼疮妊娠更易出现病情加重。这