MicroRNA在种子发育休眠与萌发过程中的作用-遗传.PDF

Hereditas (Beijing) 2017 年 1 月, 39(1): 14 ―21 综 述 MicroRNA 在种子发育、休眠与萌发过程中的作用 1 1 1 2 1 魏俊 ，陆秀君 ，张晓林 ，梅梅 ，黄晓丽 1. 沈阳农业大学林学院，沈阳 110866； 2. 沈阳农业大学园艺学院，沈阳 110866 摘要 : 植物microRNA(miRNA)是一类小分子非编码RNA ，对植物的生长发育发挥着重要调控作用。种子发育、 休眠与萌发是植物生命进程中的重要阶段。在这一阶段内，种子受各种环境因子及内源激素调控，并且不同植 物种子具有不同发育及休眠特性。随着人们对种子发育、休眠及萌发机理的探究，越来越多miRNA 被鉴定， 它们能够基于植物激素信号传导、抗氧化作用、关键转录因子调控等途径参与种子形态建成、物质代谢及各种 胁迫响应。本文主要综述了近年来植物miRNA 的形成及调控机理，以及在种子发育、休眠及萌发过程中发挥 的调控作用，旨在为今后的研究方向提供参考。 关键词 : 种子；发育；休眠；萌发；miRNA Functions of microRNA in seed development, dormancy and germination processes 1 1 1 2 1 Jun Wei , Xiujun Lu , Xiaolin Zhang , Mei Mei , Xiaoli Huang 1. College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; 2. College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China Abstract : In plants, microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNAs that play important roles in var- ious biological processes, such as seed development, dormancy and germination. In these stages, seeds are regu- lated by various extrinsic environmental factors and intrinsic hormones. Different species of seeds have distinct de- velopment and dormancy characteristics. Recent investigations have identified more and more miRNAs to regulate seed morphogenesis, material metabolism and stress response capacities through hormonal signal transduction, anti- oxidant effects and transcription factors, etc. In this review, we summarize recent progresses on regulatory mechan- isms of miRNAs, and also complex multilevel regulation of miRNAs in the process of seed development, dormancy and germination. We hope to provide insights into further research. Keywords: seed; development; dormancy; germination; miRNA 收稿日期