动态疏散指示系统研究安全技术及工程专业论文.docxVIP

沈阳航空1：业学院硕士学位论文 沈阳航空1：业学院硕士学位论文 —————————————————————————————————————————————————————————一 摘要 现代建筑高层化、多功能化、大型化以及复杂化，促使应急疏散系统将成为减少人 员伤亡的必然手段。保证紧急疏散中人员的安全，一直是应急疏散指示系统设计的首要 目标。 然而现有的应急疏散指示系统大部分以单体形式存在，某些环境下不能发挥其指示 功能，火场中有相当一部分人由于无法识别疏散方向而找不到出口，最后遇难。因此， 应当研究一套在火灾发生时可以动态指示安全疏散通道的系统，可根据火灾发生情况动 态引导人员进行疏散，减少人员疏散时『’日j，避免盲目逃生。 目6仃，现有的动态逃生指示系统一般没有考虑建筑物内的火灾风险情况和火灾蔓延 情况，有一定的局限性。本文从对建筑的典型疏散结构的分析入手，通过火灾风险分析， 划分不同的火灾危险区域，根据建筑火灾特点及对人员伤害程度，确定了两种火灾危险 状态，并划分了火灾报警等级，合理选择了探测模式。并介绍了火灾风险监测点的选取 原则和动态疏散系统的原理，研究了几类对人员疏散影响较严重的火灾发生位置。最后 通过火灾模拟软件FDS进行火灾模拟，更好的分析火灾蔓延时的情况，并结合实例分 析，动态判断疏散指示方向。应用此方法，增加了火灾时人员逃生概率，改变了现有消 防指示系统现状。 关键词：动态疏散；分级报警；火灾风险监测点；火灾模拟 沈阳航空r业学院硕十学位论文Abstract 沈阳航空r业学院硕十学位论文 Abstract The large and the complication of modem architecture which make the emergency evacuation becomes a necessary method．A goal of emergency evacuation design is to protect people in a state of emergency However,most of the existing emergency evacuation guidance system are in the form of independence and can not play its role well in some of environment，then quite a number of people died because it can not search the direction of evacuation．Therefore，a system which can guide the evacuation route dynamically should be researched in order to guide evacuation dynamically,reduce people’S evacuation time and avoid blind escaping． Nowadays，current dynamic escape guidance systems which are not consider the situation about fire risk inside of architecture and fire spreading．This paper starting with the typical evacuation of structure analysis．According to the fire risk analysis of the building， divide different fire risk areas．By means of the features of the building fires and the people injury degree，two dangerous states were determined．Based on this，fire alarm levels were divided and the patterns of the detector were selected reasonabl y．Then introduce the principle of the selection of fire risk points and the dynamic evacuation system，pay attention to study some typical positions of fire taking place．At last，ac