被动语态精讲精练(一).doc

PAGE PAGE 1 被动语态精讲精练（一） 一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用被、受、给等词来表示被动意义。 主动：We clean our classroom every day. 被动：Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day. 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be的适当形式+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变，疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例： 主动 被动 一般现在时 clean/cleans am/is/are cleaned 一般过去时 cleaned 现在进行时 am/is/are cleaning 过去进行时 was/were cleaning 一般将来时 will clean 现在完成时 have/has cleaned 过去完成时 had cleaned 过去将来时 would clean 2、各种时态的被动语态举例。 　1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done） 　English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 　Class meeting ________ _________　(hold) every Thursday. He _______ _________ (regard) as brilliant by people. 　2．一般过去时(was/ were +done) 　The cup was broken by the boy. 　He ______ ______ (save) at last. 　My bike _________ ______ (steal). 　3．一般将来时 (will/ shall be +done) 　A speech will be given this afternoon. 　A new road ______ ________ ________ (build) next year. The truth ________ _________ _________ (know) by everyone. 4．现在进行时 (am/ is/ are being +done) 　The problem is being discussed now. 　A bus ________ __________ _________ (push) by the passengers. Two reservoirs ________ ________ _________ (build) at the same time.? 　5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done) 　Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 　The book _______ ________ __________(read) many times by me. 　Several soldiers _________already _________ _________(kill) in the conflict. 　6．过去完成时(had been + done) 　They said they had been invited to the party. 　She found the house _________ ________ __________ (destroy) by the storm. 　He _______ _________ ________ (torture) by the illness for many years before he died. 7. 过去将来时（would be +done) I thought thousands of people would be helped. He did not say that the equipment_________ _________ __________ (change) She never thought that the information _________ _________ ________ (bring) to her so early. 8. 过去进行