大学英语四级-语法.ppt

(2) 情态动词 + 不定式进行时 表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行。 She may be washing her clothes. He can’t be working now. He must be studying in the library. They shouldnt be watching TV now. They should be doing homework. (3) 情态动词 + 不定式完成进行时 情态动词 + have been + 动词的现在分词，表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行。 He may have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him. She must have been working then. She should have been attending a meeting yesterday morning. They shouldnt have been chatting while working 一致关系 在There be 句型中 There is no smoke without fire. There seems to be little time left. There, here 结构中,如果主语有好几个,谓语动词与最邻近的主语一致。 There was a TV set, a portrait and several albums on the shelf. Here are a few envelops, a pen and some paper in the drawer. 在倒装结构中 In every province of China are found rich natural resources. Here come the five noisy children from next door. . ‘as well as, not to mention, along with+名词’句子中 Unemployment as well as taxes influences votes.Taxes, not to mention unemployment, influence votes.This man along with his sons always catches the largest fish. 主语后若跟有accompanied by, as much as, besides, except (but), in addition to, including, instead of, no less than, rather than, together with ＋名词， 不影响其与谓语动词的关系。 下列不定代词或限定词作主语或修饰主语时， 谓语动词永远是单数 Many a college student wishes to return to the easy days of high school. Neither (one) is satisfactory. Is either of the singers reading now? Every silver knife, fork, and spoon has to be counted. Each of the students has a schedule. 带有量词的主语与谓语动词的一致 All of the fruit looks ripe. Has any of this evidence been presented? Have any of my friends called me? Most of the book was interesting. Some of the books are interesting. None of the evidence points to his guilt. None of our students were involved. 来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置修饰语, 能作这样用的仅限于下面几个词, 仅表示完成意义, 不表示被动意义.the risen sun, fallen leaves, faded/withered flowers, returned students, retired workers, departed friends, escaped prisoners, the vanished jewels, newly-arrived visitors 用作后置修饰语的过