基于奖罚措施的小汽车通勤者出行行为研究.PDF

第18卷第1期 交通运输系统工程与信息 Vol. 18 No. 1 2018 年2 月 Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology February 2018 文章编号：1009-6744(2018)01-0115-06 中图分类号：U491 文献标志码：A DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki. 1009-6744.2018.01.017 基于奖罚措施的小汽车通勤者出行行为研究 * 秦焕美 ，高建强，和士辉，关宏志 (北京工业大学 交通工程北京市重点实验室，北京 100124) 摘 要： 奖赏和惩罚措施是解决交通拥堵问题的重要措施，本文基于在北京市的调查，进行 2 种措施下出行选择行为的探索研究，得出奖励措施会使更多的小汽车通勤者转向非高峰出 行，而收费措施对于使其放弃小汽车出行效果更好.基于前景理论的分析显示：奖励措施下，大 部分出行者的方式选择为“收益”；而收费措施下，大部分出行者面临“损失”，不同群体在出行 选择时呈现不同的风险偏好态度.在引导小汽车高峰出行向错峰出行转移时，奖励措施比较适 用于中等收入群体，收费措施比较适用于中高收入群体；在引导小汽车高峰出行向其他方式转 移时，2 种措施对低收入群体效果更好.以上结论可为交通需求管理政策的制定提供一些参考. 关键词： 城市交通；出行行为；前景理论；小汽车通勤者；奖赏措施；惩罚措施 Car Commuters ’Travel Behavior Based on Rewarding and Punishments Strategies QIN Huan-mei, GAO Jian-qiang, HE Shi-hui, GUAN Hong-zhi (Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China) Abstract:Abstract: Rewarding and charging strategies are important to solve the problem of traffic congestion. On the basis of a survey in Beijing, this paper conducts an exploratory research for the travel mode choice behavior under these two strategies. The results show that more car commuters choose to travel during off-peak hours under the rewarding strategy, and there is a better effect for car travelers to give up their car trips under the punishments measures. Based on Prospect Theory, most of travelers choices are gains under the rewarding measures, while under the charging measures, most face loss. Different groups show different risk preference in travel choices. In orde