Atrophy-Types大体-吉林大学基础医学院.ppt

病理学系（病理生物学教育部重点实验室） Introduction to pathology ??? Gross appearance: size weight shape color consistency surface edge section Physiologic hypertrophy of uterus Atrophy represents a retreat by the cell to a smaller size at which survival is still possible; A new equilibrium is achieved between cell size and diminished blood supply, nutrition, or other stimulation. Mild---recover Severe and durative---to death Atrophy- Morphology Atrophy- Morphology Atrophy- Morphology Pressure atrophy of brain Atrophy- Morphology Pressure atrophy of kidney Normal liver Pressure atrophy ( liver carcinoma) Atrophy- Morphology Pressure atrophy of liver Atrophy Laser Scanning Confocal microscope Basic techniques in the study and diagnosis of pathology flow cytometry Basic techniques in the study and diagnosis of pathology Microdissection ? pick up target cells (e.g.tumor cells) from HE slides for DNA extraction Basic techniques in the study and diagnosis of pathology By Manual By laser Biochip technique Gene chip: Protein chip: Tissue array: Basic techniques in the study and diagnosis of pathology 基础医学Basic science 临床医学 Clinical practices 病理学 总论 个论 实验病理学 动物 实验 细胞 培养 大体 组织和细胞学 组织和细胞化学 免疫组织化学 超微结构 流式细胞术 图像分析技术 分子生物学技术 激光扫描共聚焦显微术 人体病理学 细胞学 活检 尸检 autopsy biopsy cytology 第一章 Chapter one Tissue and Cellular adaptation and Injury Diagram 2 Normal cells irreversible injury reversible injury Adaptation Cell and tissue adaptation and injury 指细胞、组织、器官和机体对于持续性的内外刺激作出的非损伤性的应答反应。通过适应性反应，细胞、组织和器官改变其自身的代谢、功能和结构以达到新的平衡、耐受各种刺激而得以存活，避免损伤。 Adaptation 适应 Cellular adaptation occurs when excessive physiologic stresses, or some pathologic stimuli, result in a new but altered state that preserves the viability of the cell. Atrophy 萎缩 Hypertrophy 肥大 Hyperplasia 增生 Metaplasia 化生 Adaptation 适应 Adaptation Cell size number↓ differentiation Cell number↑ Cell size↑ An increase in the size of cells and consequently an increase in the si