美国文学简史chapter11.pptVIP

Chapter 11 The 1920s ? Imagism ? Pound Contents: Background of the1920s Influence of the 1920s imagism representative The 1920s: influences position phenomena literature position The decade of the 1920s is regarded as the renaissance in the history of American literature. The decade of the 1920s was between two events of great historic significance, the First World War and the Great Depression. So the First World War had great impact on this decade. First, the people went into the war with an unusual amount of enthusiasm ,inspired by the ideal of making the world safe for democracy. Second, the United States ,made a great deal of money in the war and became, as a whole, a lot richer, so that appeared an economic boom. But no one could foresee this was a deceptive affluence. Background 20世纪20年代是美国历史上一个特殊的年代。第一次世界大战结束了(1918)，经济大萧条(1929)还没有到来。美国在一战前期大发战争财，后期参战，捡了个便宜，之后赢得了发展经济的宝贵时机。由于一战的残酷，使得很多人对传统的价值观（比如国家、荣誉、民主、自由等西方意识形态）产生怀疑，失去信仰，放浪形骸，沉湎于享乐（跟中国现在差不多）。传统的清教徒道德已经土崩瓦解，享乐主义开始大行其道。用当时流行作家菲茨杰拉德的话来说，“这是一个奇迹的时代，一个艺术的时代，一个挥金如土的时代，也是一个充满嘲讽的时代。”菲茨杰拉德称这个时代为“爵士乐时代”（一般指一战以后，经济大萧条以前的约十年的时间），这个时代表面的奢华背后隐藏着空虚和无奈。 ? The 1920s Phenomena: Law Social changes Philosophy Social changes: All of a sudden automobiles and radios appeared, which helped to widen the horizon of the people and increase their knowledge. The movie revolution and the music, notably Jazz, now becoming available to everybody, enriched and impacted the way of popular thinking. Old moral codes were breaking down. Now new women appeared on the scene, demanding the same social freedom as men enjoyed and affecting life significantly.(For example: girls now appeared on the scene in short skirts, wearing bobbed hair, smoking and drinking, and dancing widly; they were “flappers”) Flapper（时髦女）风潮 20年代的女装时尚经历一场天翻地覆的改革。Flapper是1920年代女性的潮流，更是一个文化符号，其始于1926年，有思想的女人们从20世纪初的淑女观念中挣脱出来，更加追求中性化乃至男性化的着装风格。男孩气的Bobo短发以及宽松裙装是那个时代的时尚标志。Flapper们喜欢短款直筒裙，短而整齐的发型和平胸的直线设计。浓重的妆容更是突显她们反叛的着装风格，也不介意在公共场合补妆。 她们挥舞着香烟管,露出手臂，在爵士吧里放肆地跳舞，