低维纳米结构材料的可控制备与性能研究无机化学专业论文.docxVIP

AbstractLOW—dimensional Abstract LOW—dimensional nanostmctured materials have sparked worldwide interest because of their unique electronic，optical，mad mechanical properties and their potential applications in nanodevices and functional matefials．We found by reading lot of references that dimension，shape and size of dimensional nanomaterials have important effect their properties．Therefore．how to effectively control these factors iS aim．We successfully synthesized nanostructures of metals and their oxides，fluorides，magnetic materials。 phosphates，carbonate and on．We have realized the control of size and shape of nanomaterials during the synthesis process．mad establishcd new synthesize some materials． 1．By means of“soft”template method，we first synthesized Pb02 and Pb304 nanorods． Especially，there is report about the solution—phase synthesis of Pb304 up to now．This method is general approach for the synthesis of other alrlphoteric metal oxides，by which Cu、Cu20、CuO and ZnO namorods／nanotubes alSO were prepared．The funnation mechanism has been discussed in detail． 2．One—dimensional nanostructures of fluorides were first synthesized by using microemulsion method．BaF2 whiskers with diameters of40—80 and aspect ratio of above 1000 were obtained，and BaF2whiskers exhibit single·crystal structure．We also synthesized MgF2 mad KMgF3 nanorods． 3，By mean ofhydrothermal method and the weak dissociation tendency of[Fe(CN)6]’ions to Fe”，magneric Fe203 ffactals were first synthesized．which showed clear and well—defined dendritic fractal structure．Using Fe203 pines material，iron nitrides dendrites were obtained by reduction-nitriding．which still retained t11e shape of material Fe203 Their magnetic properties had been studied．Similarly．by using the single source precursor K3[Co(CN)6]，C03[Co(CN)612 nanostructures were successfully prepared．By exactly controlling reaction conditions，C03[Co(CN)612 with different shapes Can be obtained．T}lis method iS new route synthesize C03[Co(CN)