超声冲击法消减焊接残余应力的试验分析研究结构工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 厚钢板的焊接，内部要产生很大的焊接残余j血力。由予焊接残余应力的存在， 它童接影响到焊件的静载强度、动载强度、断裂韧性、疲劳强度、压睦强度，尺 寸稳定性和抗腐蚀开裂等性能。所以对减小和消除焊接残余应力的研究就显得尤 为重要。 对于斜拉桥钢锚拉板式索粱锚固结构区域，板件厚、焊缝复杂且焊缝交叉、 焊接残余应力集中、分布不明确。根据这些阎邀，本文对重庆江滓观音岩大桥索 粱锚固区域部分进彳予了足尺比例试件的焊接应力测试，并对其A焊缝、了‘字型焊 缝和B焊缝进行了超声波冲击试验，以此来研究超声波冲击法对钢锚拉板区域各 焊缝应力的影响情况。测试和试验研究结果表明钢锚拉扳区域各焊缝存在蔫相当 犬的焊接残余应力，超声波冲击方法能有效地减小和消除该区域的A焊缝、丁字 型焊缝和8焊缝残余拉应力，改善其应力的状态，从而使结构的受力更合理，应 力分布趋于均匀。 本课题从以下几个方面米研究超声冲击法对减小和游除焊接残余应力所产生 的作用效果。 l、对超声冲击在减小和消除横向、纵向焊接残余应力、焊接主应力方面所起 作用进行检验分析。 2、检验分析超声冲击对焊接残余应力的主腹力方向角0所产生的影响。 3、检验分斩超声冲击对焊缝的折葬应力o j所产生的影响。 本课题通过对实验数据的分析讨论，说明超声冲击能有效减小和消除厚钢板 角爆缝的焊接残余应力。以此指出超声波冲击法是一种解决钢结{笱桥梁扁部区域 焊接应力过大问题的有效的方法。 关键词：钢锚拉板；焊接残余应力；焊接工艺；超声冲击工艺；主应力方向角； 折算应力 ABSTRACTIn ABSTRACT In the process of welding of thick steel plate，strong welding residual stress is generated from the inner part．For this instance，the static load strength,dynamic load strength， fracture toughness，fatigue strength，buckling strength，dimensional stability and corrosion proof cracking are directly influenced by the welding residual stress．So，it’S quite important to decrease and release the welding residual stress． Welding residual stress of steel plate can directly influence the fatigue strength of the structure．In anchorage area of tensile anchor plates type of cable-stayed bridges，there are quite a large number of welds and thick plate,and stress concentration．Irregular distribution of welding residual stress is also the primary problem．In order幻resolve these problems，three full—scale modes were made to test the welding residual stress of anchorage aremqs in tensile anchor plates of Chongqing 3iangjin Guanyinyan Bridge． Furthermore ultrasound impact is imposed on welds of the models in order to research how the welding residual stress decreases and releases．The results of the test show that there is quite significant welding residual stress in anchorage areas of tensile anchor plates．Ultrasound impact can effectively decrease even release welding residual stress and Call improve the states of stress，whic