从话语权失衡看人民代表大会制度之完善法学法学理论专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 近年来，话语权是一个出现频率较高的概念。所谓话语权，本文 认为，从法理角度分析，应包括“话语权利。’’和“话语权力”两部分。 话语权利是～项民主权利，话语权力则是以影响力为表现形式的国家 权力。人民代表大会制度作为我国的根本政治制度，是我国人民充分 获得“话语权利和有效行使“话语权力’’的有力保障。但现实中人 大代表之间(也包括其背后的选民之间)话语权出现了失衡。因此， 本文从对话语权的分析出发，抓住人民代表大会制度在话语权均衡上 的不完善之处，指出其表现——本文概括为三方面：城乡之间话语权 的失衡，官员代表与基层代表之间话语权的失衡，利益集团与普通民 众之间话语权的失衡。接着分析其原因——本文认为主要是代表选举 制度、会议制度和代表联系制度中的某些不完善之处，如选举中代表 的荣誉化倾向，代表兼职制的存在，会期过短，会议方式不利于代表 话语权的表达等。在此基础之上，本文提出有关人大制度完善之建议。 在完善代表选举制度上，以实现“竞选代表力和“专职代表刀为目标； 在改革会议制度上，从完善会期制度和建立辩论制度上着手；在加强 代表联系制度上，本文除了论述代表与选民联系制度、代表与人大常 委会联系制度外，还强调代表与代表之间的联系。目的就在于希望从 平衡话语权出发，在这一基础和目标之上对完善人民代表制度有所裨 益。 关键词：话语权利，话语权力，人民代表大会制度 ABSTRACTIn ABSTRACT In recent years，utterance right is a concept most frequently appeared． The so．called utterance fight，the author believes，should consist of uRerance right and utterance power from the perspective ofjurisprudence· Utterance fight iS a kind of democratic right，while utterance power IS a kind of state power manifestated in influence．People’S Congress System is the fundamental political system of our country and it is a powerful guarantee for the people to gain fully the utterance right and effectively exercise their utterance power．But，in reality,the balance is off between the deputies to the People。S Congress and between their voters．So，after all analysis of utterance right，the author points out the imperfections of the People’S Congress System and its manifestration which basically includes the following three aspects：the unbalance between city and countrysideb、 etween the official representatives and the grass-roots deputies、between interest group and the general public．Then the author analyzes the reasons which lie in the imperfections mainly of deputy electroral system、congress system and deputy associated system．Such as， honour-rization inclination in deputy electroral system、existence of part-time deputies、the shortness of session and the way of congress organization which goes against deputies’exercising their utterance right· On this basis，the author makes