核受体在骨骼肌运动适应性变化中的作用及机理-中国细胞生物学学报.PDF

中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2019, 41(1): 132–140 DOI: 10.11844/cjcb.2019.01.0016 核受体在骨骼肌运动适应性变化中的作用及机理 尹利军 王晓慧* (上海体育学院运动科学学院, 上海 200438) 摘要 运动诱导的骨骼肌适应性变化是骨骼肌在受到长期运动刺激后出现骨骼肌质量、快 慢肌纤维比例、骨骼肌线粒体生物合成、自噬和氧化代谢水平以及骨骼肌运动损伤后修复等方面 的变化, 导致肌肉肥大、氧化代谢能力提高, 从而提高运动能力。核受体是一类配体依赖性的转录 因子, 主要包括雄激素受体、雌激素受体、糖皮质激素受体、过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体、甲 状腺激素受体、Rev-Erb α以及孤儿核受体Nur77 、Nor1和雌激素相关受体等, 它们在运动诱导的 报 骨骼肌适应性变化中发挥了重要作用。例如, 可通过影响快肌肥大促进抗阻运动对肌肉力量和爆 发力的增强、慢肌纤维比例的增加以及慢肌线粒体合成、自噬和氧化代谢酶的提高等途径促进耐 力运动对肌肉耐力的增强等。该文就以上核受体在骨骼肌运动性适应中的作用及机制作一综述, 学 这对理解运动增加骨骼肌质量、提高线粒体数量和功能的机制具有重要意义, 为运动防治肌肉流 失、改善骨骼肌代谢提供理论依据。 关键词 核受体; 运动; 骨骼肌适应性变化 学 Research Advance in the Effects of Nuclear Receptor on Exercise-Induced Skeletal Muscle Adaptation and Its Mechanisms 物 Yin Lijun, Wang Xiaohui* (School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China) 生 Abstract The exercise-induced skeletal muscle adaptations could be induced by long-term exercise or training, which included the changes in skeletal muscle mass, ratio of type I and type II muscle fiber, mitochondrial 胞 biosynthesis, autophagy and oxidative metabolism as well as the recovery of injured muscle, resulting in the muscle hypertrophy, the improvement of oxidative metabolism and eventually the enhancement of exercise performance. As ligand-dependent transcription factors, several nuclear receptors were reported to be tightly associated with 细 the exercise-induced skeletal muscle adaptations in