禽畜粪便堆肥中优势菌株的分离及对有机物质降解-华南农业大学学报.PDF

第 28 卷第1 期 华南农业大学学报 Vo l. 28 , No.1 2007 年 1 月 Journal of South China Agricultural University Jan. 2007 禽畜粪便堆肥中优势菌株的分离及对 有机物质降解能力的比较 凌云，路葵，徐亚同 (华东师范大学环境科学系，上海， 200062) 摘要:通过对猪粪堆肥各个阶段的微生物进行分离、纯化，得到 84 株纯菌株.经过对比测定，选出生长相对较快，降 解淀粉、油脂、蛋白质及纤维素能力较强的 53 株菌株，包括常温细菌 15 株、高温细菌4 株、常温放线菌 17 株、高温 放线菌6 株、常温霉菌 11 株.其中，细菌对于淀粉和蛋白质分解能力较好，但对纤维素和油脂的分解能力差，由放 线菌和霉菌的分解作用进行补充.高温期细菌和放线菌起着至关重要的作用，霉菌则主要在堆肥末期发挥作用，在 高温期活性很弱. 关键词:禽畜粪便堆肥;分解能力;高效菌剂 中图分类号:X713 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1001-411X(2007)01-0036-04 Isolation and Comparing the Degradation Ability of the Microbe in the Manure Composting LING Yun , LU Kui , XU Ya-tong (Dept. of Environmental Sciences , East China Norrnal University , Shanghai 200062 , China) Abstract: Eighty-four strains were isolated and purified from different periods of pig dungs composts. Fiι ty-three strains (including 15 strains of mesophilic bacteria , 4 strains þf thermophilic bacte巾， 17 strains of mesophilic actinomyces , 6 strains of 山the陀阳e were obtained by the degradation ability of four kinds of ma肌cromolecular organic matters (starch , fats , protein and cellulose). Bacteria is good at decomposi吨 amylum and protein , actinomyces and mould are good at decomposing fibre and lipid. Bacteria and actinomyces are the most disintegrator in the beginning and metaphase of the composting while mould is active at the end of the composting. Key words: animal dung; degradation ability; high effective microbe 禽畜养殖业的发展使禽畜粪便造成的环境压力 对堆肥腐熟度的影响，找到了 4 种较好的微生物菌 日益增加.好氧堆肥法是现在处理禽畜粪便的一种