基于Chirp扩频技术的无线定位通信系统的研究与实现-通信与信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 Chirp 信号是一种典型的扫频信号，其频率在一个信号周期内扫过一定的带宽。 Chirp 扩频技术利用脉冲压缩原理对 Chirp 信号进行处理，可以获得很高的系统增益。 该技术最早被应用于雷达领域，很好的解决了普通脉冲雷达作用距离与分辨能力之间 的矛盾。随着与位置信息相关的服务需求增大，Chirp 扩频技术被广泛用于无线定位 和通信领域，其具有发射功率低、穿透能力强、传输距离远、多径分辨率高和测距能 力强等优点。 本文主要研究 Chirp 扩频技术在无线定位通信系统中的应用。首先介绍了 Chirp 扩频技术和定位系统的相关背景及研究现状，详细分析了 Chirp 扩频技术的基本原理 和 Chirp 扩频技术在无线定位应用中的优势。对传统测距方法的测距原理及测距误差 进行了分析，针对传统定位方案中存在的不足，采用了基于 Chirp 扩频技术的对称双 边 双 向 TOA 测 距 定 位 方 案 。 并 以 基 于 Chirp 扩 频 技 术 的 集 成 射 频 通 信 模 块 nanoPAN5375 和高性能、低功耗的微控制器为核心完成了系统软硬件平台的设计与实 现，构建完整的定位系统。在多种环境下（室内和室外）进行系统的测距和定位实验， 并根据实验数据进行了详细的系统性能分析。分析结果表明，该系统可以在室内、室 外环境下获得较高的定位精度，具有较高的实用价值。 关键字：Chirp 扩频；无线定位；测距；定位精度 i Ab Abstract Abstract Chirp signal is a typical sweeping frequency signal, and its frequency sweeps away a bandwidth in a signal period. Chirp Spread Spectrum technology（CSS）can bring a high system gain by using the theory of pulse compression. The technology of CSS was first used in the field of radar to resolve the contradiction between the radar range and the resolution ability of ordinary pulse. Recently, with the increasing service demand related to the location information, by means of its advantages of low transmission power, far transmission distance, high multi-path resolution, great anti-interference capability, penetration, and high precision of positioning, the CSS technology has been widely applied wireless positioning and communication. The main contributions in this paper are the design and implementation of the wireless positioning communication system based on CSS. Firstly, the paper introduces the relevant background and current research status of CSS. Then, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the basic theory and advantages of CSS in the applications of wireless positioning. After analyzing the ranging principle and error of the traditional methods, aiming to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional positioning methods, a new CSS-based positioning scheme is proposed, which uses a symmetrically bilateral and bidire